# Recurrence Rate and Associated Factors of Mucinous Borderline Ovarian Tumors and Mucinous Ovarian Carcinomas: A Retrospective Study in the South of Vietnam

## TL;DR

This study examines recurrence rates and risk factors for mucinous ovarian tumors in Southern Vietnam, finding that advanced stages and capsule rupture increase recurrence risks.

## Contribution

The study provides region-specific recurrence data and identifies clinical factors associated with recurrence in mucinous ovarian tumors.

## Key findings

- The cumulative recurrence rate of mucinous borderline ovarian tumors and carcinomas was 6.45% after 60 months.
- Advanced FIGO stage and capsule rupture were significantly associated with higher recurrence risks.
- Larger tumor size was linked to a reduced recurrence risk.

## Abstract

Introduction: Mucinous ovarian tumors are the second most common type of epithelial ovarian tumors. This study aimed to determine the recurrence rates and risk factors for mucinous borderline ovarian tumors (MBOTs) and mucinous ovarian carcinomas (MOCs). Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 188 patients at Tu Du Hospital, Vietnam, from May 2019 to March 2023, with follow-ups until August 2024. The recurrence rates were calculated using life tables, while associated factors were analyzed through the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model. Results: The median time to recurrence was 13 months (range: 9–19 months), with twelve patients experiencing a recurrence. Overall cumulative recurrence rates (both MBOT and MOC) were 2.66% at 12 months, 5.32% at 24 months, and 6.45% at 36, 48, and 60 months. In the MBOT group, the recurrence rate was 5.80% at 60 months, while in the MOC group, it was 7.65% at 60 months. A significant relationship was found between higher recurrence rates and larger tumor size (1 cm increase resulted in a 10% risk reduction, HR = 0.90, p < 0.05), advanced FIGO stages (Stage III compared to Stage I, HR = 16.07, p < 0.05), and capsule rupture (HR = 6.79, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The total recurrence rate of MBOT and MOC after 60 months in Southern Vietnam was 6.45%. It is crucial to adopt follow-up strategies for high-risk patients to ensure early detection and treatment of recurrences. Additional studies with longer follow-up are necessary to identify late recurrences.