# Implementing Information Resources to Support Shared Decisions in Australian Primary Care: A Qualitative Perspective of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Strategy

## TL;DR

This study explores how information resources help GPs and patients make better decisions about antibiotic use in Australian primary care.

## Contribution

The study introduces co-designed patient information sheets that support shared decision-making in antibiotic use.

## Key findings

- Information sheets were found to be simple, easy to use, and effective in generating discussion during consultations.
- GPs used the sheets to reinforce decisions, reduce conflict, and provide alternatives to antibiotic prescriptions.
- Patients found the sheets informative and helpful in understanding their diagnosis and managing their conditions.

## Abstract

Background/Objectives: Inappropriate use of antibiotics contributes to the rise in antibiotic-resistant bacteria and can result in adverse drug effects for individuals. Informed discussions between patients and general practitioners (GPs) can help ensure that treatment decisions about antibiotic use align with the best health outcomes for individuals. Methods: We implemented a set of information resources designed to support clinical discussions and decision-making for patients with common infections in primary care. A suite of patient information sheets, which had been co-designed with primary care providers and consumers, were implemented in eight general practices in metropolitan Melbourne and regional Victoria, from August to November 2020. Results: Post-implementation evaluation, conducted through interviews with 15 primary care providers and 13 patients, revealed that the information sheets were simple, easy to use and generated discussion within consultations. GPs reported using the sheets to reinforce their decision-making during consultations with patients, reduce potential conflict, provide alternatives to antibiotic prescriptions, and offer patients a written summary of management recommendations. Patients found the sheets informative and that they made it easier to understand their diagnosis and to manage their conditions. Both GPs and patients agreed that the content was relevant and effectively enhanced patients’ knowledge of disease conditions, treatment options, and when to seek medical advice and were facilitators of meaningful conversations during consultations. Conclusion: These resources are acceptable in Australian primary care and publicly available for use by GPs, pharmacists and patients in Australia.