# Inclusive universities: promoting gender equality and sex-gender diversity

## TL;DR

This study explores how universities can better promote gender equality and diversity through policy and cultural changes.

## Contribution

The study identifies key barriers and proposes structural changes to enhance inclusivity in universities.

## Key findings

- Participants recognize gender equality policies but see them as symbolic and ineffective.
- A gap exists between formal policies and actual inclusive practices in universities.
- Structural changes and cultural alignment are needed for meaningful inclusion.

## Abstract

This study investigates the implementation of gender equality and sex-gender diversity policies in a higher education context, within the G-FORCE Project funded by Erasmus+.

Two focus groups (N = 20) were conducted with participants from the academic community, administrative staff, research personnel, and external stakeholders, ensuring diverse generational and gender representation. Data were collected through guided focus group discussions, transcribed, and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis with an interpretive approach.

Three dimensions emerged: (1) knowledge and awareness of gender equality and sex-gender diversity, (2) institutional practices and university policies, and (3) university culture. Results indicate that although participants are aware of existing protocols and training, these initiatives are perceived as isolated, minimally innovative, and largely symbolic.

A gap exists between formal policies and actual practices, reflecting a bureaucratic culture that limits inclusive transformation. Resistance is present among faculty and students committed to equality, yet systemic barriers persist. The study concludes that effective inclusion requires structural change, curricular integration of inclusive perspectives, creation of safe spaces, participatory governance, and alignment of institutional culture with gender equality and sex-gender diversity.