# Women and TB/HIV coinfection in Brazil: regional inequalities and trends in a scenario of vulnerability

## TL;DR

This study examines the regional differences in TB/HIV co-infection among women in Brazil from 2012 to 2023, highlighting disparities and trends.

## Contribution

The study provides a detailed analysis of the clinical-epidemiological profile and regional trends of TB/HIV co-infection in Brazilian women.

## Key findings

- The highest concentration of TB/HIV co-infection cases was in the Southeast region of Brazil.
- Higher rates of co-infection were observed in the South and North regions, linked to factors like low education and black race/skin color.
- In the South, drug resistance and substance use disorders were notable among co-infected women.

## Abstract

to identify the clinical-epidemiological profile of women with TB/HIV coinfection and classify the temporal trend of coinfection in the regions of Brazil.

ecological study of time series of records from the Notifiable Diseases Information System carried out from 2012 to 2023. The analysis was performed using the Prais-Winsten autoregression method.

a total of 31,171 cases were recorded in the country, with the highest concentration in the Southeast. Coinfection showed a steady trend, with higher rates in the South and North regions. Regional disparities are related to factors such as low education level, age between 20 and 39 years, and black race/skin color. In the South, drug resistance and substance use disorders also stood out.

the need for regional, equitable and integrated public policies is evident, focusing on expanding access to diagnosis and treatment, considering the specific vulnerabilities of women affected by coinfection.

identificar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico das mulheres com coinfecção TB/HIV e classificar a tendência temporal da coinfecção nas regiões do Brasil.

estudo ecológico de séries temporais de registros do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação realizado no período de 2012 a 2023. A análise foi realizada utilizando o método de autorregressão Prais-Winsten.

foram registrados 31.171 casos no país, com maior concentração no Sudeste. A coinfecção apresentou tendência estacionária, com taxasmais altas nas regiões Sul e Norte. As disparidades regionais se relacionam a fatores comobaixa escolaridade, idade entre 20 e 39 anos, e raça/cor preta. No Sul, destacaram-se ainda a resistência medicamentosa e transtornos por uso de substâncias.

evidencia-se a necessidade de políticas públicas regionais, equitativas e integradas, com foco na ampliação do acesso ao diagnóstico e tratamento, considerando as vulnerabilidades específicas dasmulheres afetadas pela coinfecção.