# Phyllodes-predominant prostatic stromal sarcoma concurrent with prostate adenocarcinoma: a case report and literature review

## TL;DR

This paper reports a rare case of a man with two prostate tumors: a phyllodes-predominant stromal sarcoma and prostate adenocarcinoma.

## Contribution

The novelty is the rare co-occurrence of phyllodes-predominant prostatic stromal sarcoma and prostate adenocarcinoma in a single case.

## Key findings

- A 52-year-old man was diagnosed with phyllodes-predominant prostatic stromal sarcoma.
- The patient also had concurrent prostate adenocarcinoma, a very rare combination.
- The case highlights the importance of accurate diagnosis for such rare tumors.

## Abstract

Prostatic stromal sarcoma (PSS) is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor originating from the specialized stroma of the prostate. It is a heterogeneous tumor, in which a predominantly phyllodes architecture has been documented only in isolated case reports. The co-occurrence of a phyllodes-predominant PSS and prostate adenocarcinoma (PCA) is even more exceptional. Here, we reported a case of a 52-year-old man with the chief complaint of dysuria for 2 months in 2018. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a mass lesion in the left lobe of the prostate. The patient underwent surgical resection, and the pathological examination revealed PSS with a phyllodes-predominant structure accompanied by PCA. We report this rare case to provide valuable clinical information for clinicians and pathologists and to improve the awareness and diagnostic level of this disease.