# Research advances in pathogenic mechanisms and host response of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: a metabolomics perspective

**Authors:** Yuanhao Dai, Yujing Zhang, Xuran Guo, Lei Liang, Yage Zhao, Yongbin Yan

PMC · DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2026.1763133 · Frontiers in Medicine · 2026-02-11

## TL;DR

This paper explores how metabolomics can help understand the causes and effects of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children and improve diagnosis.

## Contribution

The paper highlights novel insights into MPP pathogenesis and biomarker discovery through metabolomics.

## Key findings

- Metabolomics reveals metabolic alterations linked to MPP pathogenesis.
- Metabolomics supports the identification of potential biomarkers for early diagnosis.
- Metabolomics aids in understanding disease-associated metabolic network perturbations.

## Abstract

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a common disorder that invades predominantly the school-aged children and adolescents globally. Given its nonspecific clinical manifestations at the initial stage and the significance of early identification of severe cases for clinical management, it highlights the necessity of diagnostic confirmation through laboratory testing. Recent advances in metabolomics have demonstrated significant potential in elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms of MPP. It enables an analysis of metabolic alterations in biological samples, thus providing a comprehensive understanding of disease-associated perturbations in metabolic networks, and offering novel insights into its etiology. Simultaneously, metabolomics can facilitate the discovery of potential biomarkers, thereby serving as valuable tools for early diagnosis and disease progression evaluation.

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MONDO:0005867)

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** MAOA (monoamine oxidase A) [NCBI Gene 4128] {aka BRNRS, MAO-A}, MLH1 (mutL homolog 1) [NCBI Gene 4292] {aka COCA2, FCC2, HNPCC, HNPCC2, LYNCH2, MLH-1}, REXO2 (RNA exonuclease 2) [NCBI Gene 25996] {aka CGI-114, REX2, RFN, SFN}, TP53 (tumor protein p53) [NCBI Gene 7157] {aka BCC7, BMFS5, LFS1, P53, TRP53}, CALCA (calcitonin related polypeptide alpha) [NCBI Gene 796] {aka CALC1, CGRP, CGRP-I, CGRP-alpha, CGRP1, CT}, TNFRSF10B (TNF receptor superfamily member 10b) [NCBI Gene 8795] {aka CD262, DR5, KILLER, KILLER/DR5, TRAIL-R2, TRAILR2}, GGT3P (gamma-glutamyltransferase 3 pseudogene) [NCBI Gene 2679] {aka GGT3}, IL1B (interleukin 1 beta) [NCBI Gene 3553] {aka IL-1, IL1-BETA, IL1F2, IL1beta}, ERCC1 (ERCC excision repair 1, endonuclease non-catalytic subunit) [NCBI Gene 2067] {aka COFS4, RAD10, UV20}, APAF1 (apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1) [NCBI Gene 317] {aka APAF-1, CED4}, MPHOSPH6 (M-phase phosphoprotein 6) [NCBI Gene 10200] {aka MPP, MPP-6, MPP6}, SMPD1 (sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase 1) [NCBI Gene 6609] {aka ASM, ASMASE, NPD}, CKMT1A (creatine kinase, mitochondrial 1A) [NCBI Gene 548596] {aka CKMT1, U-MtCK, mia-CK}, FMO5 (flavin containing dimethylaniline monoxygenase 5) [NCBI Gene 2330] {aka hBVMO1}, PLA2G1B (phospholipase A2 group IB) [NCBI Gene 5319] {aka PLA2, PLA2A, PPLA2}, FMO3 (flavin containing dimethylaniline monoxygenase 3) [NCBI Gene 2328] {aka FMOII, TMAU, dJ127D3.1}, FAS (Fas cell surface death receptor) [NCBI Gene 355] {aka ALPS1A, APO-1, APT1, CD95, FAS1, FASTM}, ME2 (malic enzyme 2) [NCBI Gene 4200] {aka ODS1}, CKB (creatine kinase B) [NCBI Gene 1152] {aka B-CK, BCK, CKBB, CPK-B, HEL-211, HEL-S-29}, ALDH3A1 (aldehyde dehydrogenase 3 family member A1) [NCBI Gene 218] {aka ALDH3, ALDHIII}, MAOB (monoamine oxidase B) [NCBI Gene 4129], SERPINB5 (serpin family B member 5) [NCBI Gene 5268] {aka PI5, maspin}, CRP (C-reactive protein) [NCBI Gene 1401] {aka PTX1}
- **Diseases:** airway damage (MESH:D000402), metabolic disease (MESH:D008659), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (MESH:D029424), MPP (MESH:D011014), asthma (MESH:D001249), alveolar damage (MESH:D055370), lung diseases (MESH:D008171), mitochondrial dysfunction (MESH:D028361), inflammation (MESH:D007249), sepsis (MESH:D018805), hypertriglyceridemia (MESH:D015228), Fanconi anemia (MESH:D005199), infectious diseases (MESH:D003141), bronchiolitis (MESH:D001988), bacterial infections (MESH:D001424), phospholipid metabolism disorders (MESH:D016736), cytotoxic (MESH:D064420), MP (MESH:D011019), Infection (MESH:D007239), lipid metabolism disorders (MESH:D052439), parenchymal (MESH:D002543), viral infection (MESH:D014777), epithelial dysfunction (MESH:D009375)
- **Chemicals:** LPA (MESH:C032881), Malate (MESH:C030298), asparagine (MESH:D001216), cholesterol (MESH:D002784), Glycine (MESH:D005998), Ceramides (MESH:D002518), citrulline (MESH:D002956), alkaloids (MESH:D000470), glutamate (MESH:D018698), peptides (MESH:D010455), nucleotide (MESH:D009711), arachidonic acid (MESH:D016718), LysoPE (MESH:C008301), S-adenosylmethionine (MESH:D012436), phosphatidylglycerol (MESH:D010715), prostaglandin E2 (MESH:D015232), phospholipid (MESH:D010743), sphingosine-1-phosphate (MESH:C060506), tyrosine (MESH:D014443), glycerol-3-phosphate (MESH:C029620), TG (MESH:D014280), DPPG (MESH:C030345), carbon (MESH:D002244), Guanine (MESH:D006147), IDC (MESH:C011288), lactic acid (MESH:D019344), prostaglandins (MESH:D011453), histidine (MESH:D006639), Glycerophospholipids (MESH:D020404), PI (MESH:D010716), ceramide-1-phosphate (MESH:C065576), methionine (MESH:D008715), proline (MESH:D011392), glucose (MESH:D005947), threonine (MESH:D013912), short-chain fatty acids (MESH:D005232), sphingosine (MESH:D013110), reactive oxygen species (MESH:D017382), acetyl phosphate (MESH:C011632), acetate (MESH:D000085), NADH (MESH:D009243), LysoPC (MESH:D008244), Sphingolipid (MESH:D013107), diacylglycerol (MESH:D004075), LPS (MESH:D008070), Palmitic acid (MESH:D019308), Lipid (MESH:D008055), L-cysteine (MESH:D003545), isobutyrate (MESH:D058610), taurine (MESH:D013654), glutathione (MESH:D005978), glutamine (MESH:D005973), 4-nitrophenol (MESH:C024836), L-serine (MESH:D012694), phenylalanine (MESH:D010649), 6-keto-PGF1alpha (MESH:D015121), PC (MESH:D010713), carbohydrate (MESH:D002241), fatty acids (MESH:D005227), L-Arginine (MESH:D001120)
- **Species:** Mycoplasmoides pneumoniae (Filterable agent of primary atypical pneumonia, species) [taxon 2104], Mus musculus (house mouse, species) [taxon 10090], Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], Helicobacter pylori (species) [taxon 210]
- **Mutations:** G2A, aspartate-glutamate, aspartate by aspartate
- **Cell lines:** Raw264.7 — Mus musculus (Mouse), Mouse leukemia, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0493), A549 — Homo sapiens (Human), Lung adenocarcinoma, Cancer cell line (CVCL_0023)

## Full text

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## Figures

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## References

51 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12932207/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12932207