# Squamous cell carcinoma arising in mature ovarian teratoma: a rare clinical entity

## TL;DR

This paper presents a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma developing within a mature ovarian teratoma, emphasizing its aggressive nature and treatment challenges.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in reporting a rare clinical case and highlighting the difficulties in diagnosing and managing SCC arising from mature cystic teratomas.

## Key findings

- SCC can arise from mature ovarian teratomas, with an estimated transformation rate of 2%.
- The case demonstrated an aggressive clinical course with peritoneal carcinomatosis at the time of surgery.
- Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was required due to the advanced stage of the disease.

## Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the ovary is a rare malignancy, most commonly arising from malignant transformation within a mature cystic teratoma (MCT). The incidence of such transformation is estimated at around 2%. We report the case of a postmenopausal woman who initially underwent resection of a pelvic mass with right adnexectomy. Histopathological examination revealed squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature ovarian teratoma. The case was subsequently discussed at a multidisciplinary tumor board, which recommended completion surgery. However, during the planned procedure, diffuse peritoneal carcinomatosis was discovered intraoperatively. The patient was therefore referred for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. This case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges of SCC arising in MCT, as well as its aggressive clinical course.