# Utilization of Information Communication Technology and Its Associated Factors Among Healthcare Professionals: Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis, in the Resource‐Limited Setting

## TL;DR

This study reviews how healthcare professionals in resource-limited settings use information and communication technologies and identifies factors that influence their adoption.

## Contribution

The study provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of ICT utilization among healthcare workers in low-resource environments.

## Key findings

- The pooled prevalence of ICT utilization among healthcare workers is 41.92%.
- Factors like ICT training, computer access, and urban residency significantly increase ICT utilization.
- Low ICT utilization in Ethiopia suggests a need for government investment in training.

## Abstract

The term “information and communication technologies” encompasses a broad array of digital and electronic devices that facilitate the sharing, processing, transmission, and communication of health information and knowledge.

A search of the literature was conducted using databases such as Google Scholar, HINARI, PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, African Journal Online, and Global Health. Search engines were used to locate studies that adhered to the PRISMA Protocols. STATA Version 11 was used for analysis, with heterogeneity assessed using the Cochrane Qtest, p values, and I
2 statistics. The meta‐analysis showed no significant heterogeneity for pooled information and communication technologies utilization prevalence, prompting the use of a fixed‐effect model. Heterogeneity was assessed using forest plots, and funnel plot asymmetry and the Egger regression test were used to evaluate publication bias.

Out of 18,924 publications reviewed, 10 studies with 4,171 health workers met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review and meta‐analysis. Informationprevalence was found to be 41.92% (95% CI: 33.47, 50.37). Knowledge of ICT 4.47 times (AOR = 4.47, 95% CI: 2.69, 7.42), ICT training 3.43 times (AOR = 3.43, 95% CI: 2.11, 5.57), educational status 2.84 times (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.80, 4.47), basic computer skills 2.99 times (AOR = 2.99, 95% CI: 2.89, 17.11), attitudes 7.07 times (AOR = 7.07, 95% CI: 2.89, 17.11), computer access 7.15 times (AOR = 7.15, 95% CI: 4.66, 10.97), and urban residents 10 times (AOR = 10.00, 0.29, 347.80) were found to be associated with information and communication technology utilization.

The utilization of Ethiopia is low, highlighting the necessity for government investment in training for the effective use of these technologies.