# The Financial and Workforce Impact of Medication Errors in the Finnish Public Healthcare System: A Pilot Study

## TL;DR

This study estimates the financial and workforce costs of medication errors in Finland's healthcare system, finding significant annual expenses that could be reduced with better safety measures.

## Contribution

This is the first pilot study to estimate the nationwide economic impact of medication errors in Finland, including workforce time and service costs.

## Key findings

- The estimated annual cost of medication errors in North Savo county is €686,274, with a mean cost of €138 per event.
- Extrapolated nationally, medication errors cost Finland approximately €15.5 million annually.
- Nurses and physicians spend significant work time managing medication errors, which are largely preventable.

## Abstract

Medication errors (MEs) pose a significant challenge to patient safety and healthcare efficiency. In addition to clinical consequences, MEs contribute to increased healthcare expenditures and resource utilization. However, comprehensive cost assessments of MEs, including staff time and service costs, remain limited.

The aim of this pilot study is to examine the costs associated with MEs regionally and nationally in Finland.

Cross-sectional study.

This study assessed the financial and resource burden of MEs in the Finnish public healthcare system using a survey conducted in the wellbeing services county of North Savo in Eastern Finland. The study perspective is economic and healthcare system-focused. Healthcare professionals in charge of patient safety reporting estimated the workforce impact of MEs by assessing the time spent, the corrective measures taken, and the additional interventions required to manage these events. Cost calculations were based on salary data from the 2023 financial administration statistics and service costs from the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) database, adjusted to 2023 monetary value. An estimator, derived from regional data, was applied to extrapolate the nationwide economic burden of MEs.

Medication errors (MEs) impose a substantial financial burden, with an estimated mean cost of €138 per event and a total annual cost of €686 274 in the wellbeing services county of North Savo. Extrapolated to the national level, the annual impact was estimated at €15.5 million. The main cost drivers were the work time expenditures of nurses and physicians involved in managing these events.

Managing MEs demands extra work of healthcare personnel, which is a considerable waste of resources. Most of the events are preventable. That is why effective safety strategies are needed, and prompt action taken to improve quality of care and reduce unnecessary costs.