# Demyelinating Neurobrucellosis Presenting With Neuropsychiatric Manifestations

## TL;DR

A rare case of brain inflammation caused by brucellosis presented with psychiatric symptoms and improved after specific treatment.

## Contribution

Highlights demyelinating neurobrucellosis as a rare but treatable cause of psychiatric symptoms in endemic regions.

## Key findings

- Patient showed psychiatric symptoms unresponsive to antipsychotics but responded to anti-Brucella treatment.
- MRI revealed demyelinating lesions in brain regions linked to cognitive and behavioral functions.
- Serology confirmed brucellosis as the underlying cause of neurological and psychiatric manifestations.

## Abstract

Neurobrucellosis with psychiatric manifestations is an uncommon manifestation of brucellosis. Herein, we report a 31‐year‐old male complaining of dizziness, nausea, malaise, imbalance, amnesia, psychosis, delusion, and impulsive and disorganized behavior. He was not responsive to antipsychotic treatment, and his brain MRI showed demyelinating hyperintensity foci in the periventricular and paraventricular areas and the subcortical areas of the right temporal and frontal lobes. His serum and cerebrospinal fluid serology were in favor of brucellosis, and he dramatically responded to anti‐Brucella medications. Although demyelinating neurobrucellosis with psychiatric manifestations is rare, it should be suspected in unresponsive patients coming from brucellosis‐endemic areas.