# Rabies Reemergence, Central Europe, 2022–2024

**Authors:** Emmanuelle Robardet, Marcin Smreczak, Anna Orłowska, Peter Malik, Alexandra Nándori, Zuzana Dirbáková, Rastislav Odaloš, Oleksii Rudoi, Ivan Polupan, Oxana Groza, Serghei Arseniev, Florica Barbuceanu, Vlad Vuta, Evelyne Picard-Meyer

PMC · DOI: 10.3201/eid3202.251597 · Emerging Infectious Diseases · 2026-02-01

## TL;DR

Rabies is reemerging in Central Europe, with two virus variants detected in several countries, suggesting a need for stronger control measures.

## Contribution

The study identifies the reemergence of two rabies virus variants in Central Europe between 2022 and 2024.

## Key findings

- Rabies reemerged in Ukraine, Moldova, Poland, and Romania with two distinct virus variants.
- Oral vaccination campaigns previously reduced rabies, but control efforts need to be strengthened.
- The findings emphasize the importance of continued surveillance and intervention in the region.

## Abstract

Oral rabies vaccination campaigns helped eliminate rabies from parts of Europe, but rabies appears to be reemerging. We analyzed 2022–2024 data, which demonstrated reemergence of 2 virus variants; both were detected in Ukraine, Moldova, Poland, and Romania. Our findings highlight the need to strengthen rabies control efforts in the region.

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** rabies (MONDO:0019173)

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** C (OMIM:211750), Rabies (MESH:D011818), infected (MESH:D007239), EE (MESH:D020242), zoonoses (MESH:D015047), WE (MESH:D020241), Disease (MESH:D004194)
- **Chemicals:** ORV (-)
- **Species:** Vulpes vulpes (red fox, species) [taxon 9627], Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], Canis lupus familiaris (dog, subspecies) [taxon 9615]

## Full text

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## Figures

1 figure with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12928247/full.md

## References

15 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12928247/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12928247