# Neospora caninum Infection in Marine Mammals Stranding in Northeastern Pacific Ocean Region

**Authors:** Stephen A. Raverty, Pádraig Duignan, Dyanna M. Lambourn, Paul Cottrell, Verena A. Gill, Pamela Tuomi, Lorraine Barbosa, Brendan Cottrell, Spencer L. Magargal, Amanda K. Gibson, Elizabeth R. Zhang, Michael E. Grigg

PMC · DOI: 10.3201/eid3202.251507 · Emerging Infectious Diseases · 2026-02-01

## TL;DR

This study found Neospora caninum, a parasite, in marine mammals in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, showing it can spread from land to sea.

## Contribution

The study expands the known host range of Neospora caninum to include marine mammals.

## Key findings

- Neospora caninum was identified in six marine mammal species using immunohistochemistry and PCR.
- The parasite was found in stranded animals, including two pups, in the northeastern Pacific Ocean.
- The findings suggest terrestrial pathogens can affect marine ecosystems.

## Abstract

We used immunohistochemistry and PCR to identify Neospora caninum in 6 infected marine mammal species, including 2 pups, that stranded in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Our findings suggest the expansion of this parasite’s host range to marine mammals, underscoring the effect of terrestrial pathogens that flow from land to sea.

## Linked entities

- **Species:** Neospora caninum (taxon 29176)

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** death (MESH:D003643), Infection (MESH:D007239), encephalitis (MESH:D004660), meningoencephalitis (MESH:D008590), QUERIES (MESH:D011778), encephalitic (MESH:D010301), reproductive loss (MESH:D060737)
- **Chemicals:** PX529932-8 (-)
- **Species:** Phoca vitulina (harbor seal, species) [taxon 9720], Sarcocystis neurona (species) [taxon 42890], Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], Bos taurus (bovine, species) [taxon 9913], Mirounga angustirostris (Northern elephant seal, species) [taxon 9716], Neospora caninum (species) [taxon 29176], Canis lupus familiaris (dog, subspecies) [taxon 9615], Eumetopias jubatus (northern sea lion, species) [taxon 34886], Enhydra lutris (sea otter, species) [taxon 34882], Zalophus californianus (California sealion, species) [taxon 9704], Arctocephalus townsendi (Guadalupe fur seal, species) [taxon 161921], Toxoplasma gondii (species) [taxon 5811]

## Full text

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## Figures

3 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12928238/full.md

## References

14 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12928238/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12928238