# Commodity risk assessment of Salix unrooted cuttings from the UK

**Authors:** Antonio Vicent Civera, Paula Baptista, Anna Berlin, Elisavet Chatzivassiliou, Jaime Cubero, Nik Cunniffe, Eduardo de la Peña, Nicolas Desneux, Francesco Di Serio, Anna Filipiak, Beata Hasiów‐Jaroszewska, Hervé Jactel, Blanca B. Landa, Lara Maistrello, David Makowski, Panagiotis Milonas, Nikos T. Papadopoulos, Roel Potting, Hanna Susi, Dirk Jan van Der Gaag, Andrea Battisti, Claude Bragard, Hugo Mas, Daniel Rigling, Massimo Faccoli, Alžběta Mikulová, Fabio Stergulc, Franz Streissl, Paolo Gonthier

PMC · DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2026.9947 · EFSA Journal · 2026-02-23

## TL;DR

This paper assesses the risk of importing unrooted willow cuttings from the UK to the EU, focusing on potential pests.

## Contribution

The study identifies two EU-regulated pests associated with Salix cuttings from the UK, providing a risk assessment for plant health.

## Key findings

- Only two EU-regulated pests (Entoleuca mammata and Phytophthora ramorum) were found relevant for the imported Salix cuttings.
- No non-EU regulated pests were identified as requiring further evaluation.
- The assessment considered technical information provided by the UK and available scientific data.

## Abstract

The European Commission requested the EFSA Panel on Plant Health to prepare and deliver risk assessments for commodities listed in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/2019 as ‘High risk plants, plant products and other objects’. This Scientific Opinion covers plant health risks posed by unrooted cuttings of Salix species (S. aegyptiaca, S. eriocephala, S. gmelinii, S. miyabeana, S. purpurea, S. rehderiana, S. schwerinii, S. udensis, S. viminalis) imported from the United Kingdom (UK). The assessment was performed considering the available scientific information, including the technical information provided by the UK. All pests potentially associated with the commodities were evaluated against specific criteria. Only two EU Regulated pests (the fungus Entoleuca mammata and the oomycete Phytophthora ramorum (non‐EU isolates)), present in the UK and potentially associated with the commodity, were considered as relevant for this Opinion. No pests non‐regulated in the EU were identified to be selected for further evaluation.

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** canker disease (MESH:D013281), Pest (MESH:D029021), RHS (MESH:D018318), TARGET HOST LIST (MESH:D006086), infected (MESH:D007239), RR (MESH:D014947)
- **Chemicals:** isoxaben (MESH:C057467), pendimethalin (MESH:C030856), water (MESH:D014867), difenoconazole (MESH:C115058), lambda-cyhalothrin (MESH:C037304), glyphosate (MESH:C010974), EPPO (-)
- **Species:** Triticum aestivum (bread wheat, species) [taxon 4565], Quercus robur (English oak, species) [taxon 38942], Trifolium repens (creeping white clover, species) [taxon 3899], Euura ventralis (species) [taxon 1889585], Fagus sylvatica (European beech, species) [taxon 28930], Salix aegyptiaca (species) [taxon 543723], Salix schwerinii (species) [taxon 77068], Hordeum vulgare (barley, species) [taxon 4513], Prunus laurocerasus (cherry laurel, species) [taxon 32242], Linum usitatissimum (flax, species) [taxon 4006], Alnus glutinosa (species) [taxon 3517], Salix sachalinensis (species) [taxon 75718], Salix eriocephala (Missouri River willow, species) [taxon 285592], Populus (poplar, genus) [taxon 3689], Prunus spinosa (blackthorn, species) [taxon 114937], Salix viminalis (basket willow, species) [taxon 40686], Corylus avellana (European hazelnut, species) [taxon 13451], Salix purpurea (purple osier, species) [taxon 77065], Vicia faba (broad bean, species) [taxon 3906], Rhododendron (genus) [taxon 4346], Phytophthora ramorum (sudden oak death agent, species) [taxon 164328], Salix (willows, genus) [taxon 40685], Bemisia tabaci (sweet potato whitefly, species) [taxon 7038], Entoleuca mammata (species) [taxon 97380], Crataegus (hawthorn, genus) [taxon 23159], Melampsora (genus) [taxon 5260], Acer (maple trees, genus) [taxon 4022], Acer platanoides (Norway maple, species) [taxon 4025], Salix udensis (species) [taxon 889485], Sorbus (mountain ashes, genus) [taxon 23222], Acer campestre (field maple, species) [taxon 66205], Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore maple, species) [taxon 4026], Salix miyabeana (species) [taxon 706668], Taxus baccata (English yew, species) [taxon 25629], Brassica napus (oilseed rape, species) [taxon 3708]

## Full text

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## References

85 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12928081/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12928081