# Editorial: Exploring immune memory dynamics in chronic antigen exposure and disease progression: implications for immunotherapy **Authors:** Stefano Caserta, Alejandra Pera PMC · DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1769061 · Frontiers in Immunology · 2026-02-09 ## Full-text entities - **Genes:** TNF (tumor necrosis factor) [NCBI Gene 7124] {aka DIF, IMD127, TNF-alpha, TNFA, TNFSF2, TNLG1F}, IL10 (interleukin 10) [NCBI Gene 3586] {aka CSIF, GVHDS, IL-10, IL10A, TGIF}, ZEB1 (zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1) [NCBI Gene 6935] {aka AREB6, BZP, DELTAEF1, FECD6, NIL2A, PPCD3}, CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4) [NCBI Gene 1493] {aka ALPS5, CD, CD152, CELIAC3, CTLA-4, GRD4}, Irak3 (interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3) [NCBI Gene 73914] {aka 4833428C18Rik, IRAK-M}, Epo (erythropoietin) [NCBI Gene 13856], Peli3 (pellino 3) [NCBI Gene 240518] {aka 6030441F14Rik, A930011L17}, MPP7 (MAGUK p55 scaffold protein 7) [NCBI Gene 143098], ITGAE (integrin subunit alpha E) [NCBI Gene 3682] {aka CD103, HUMINAE}, Cd274 (CD274 antigen) [NCBI Gene 60533] {aka A530045L16Rik, B7h1, Pdcd1l1, Pdcd1lg1, Pdl1}, BACH2 (BACH transcriptional regulator 2) [NCBI Gene 60468] {aka BTBD25, IMD60}, JUND (JunD proto-oncogene, AP-1 transcription factor subunit) [NCBI Gene 3727] {aka AP-1}, CD28 (CD28 molecule) [NCBI Gene 940] {aka IMD123, Tp44}, IL1B (interleukin 1 beta) [NCBI Gene 3553] {aka IL-1, IL1-BETA, IL1F2, IL1beta}, CTNNB1 (catenin beta 1) [NCBI Gene 1499] {aka CTNNB, EVR7, MRD19, NEDSDV, armadillo}, STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6) [NCBI Gene 6778] {aka D12S1644, HIES6, IL-4-STAT, STAT6B, STAT6C}, Hif1a (hypoxia inducible factor 1, alpha subunit) [NCBI Gene 15251] {aka HIF-1-alpha, HIF1-alpha, HIF1alpha, MOP1, bHLHe78}, NR4A2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2) [NCBI Gene 4929] {aka HZF-3, IDLDP, NOT, NURR1, RNR1, TINUR}, TIGIT (T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains) [NCBI Gene 201633] {aka VSIG9, VSTM3, WUCAM}, CD8A (CD8 subunit alpha) [NCBI Gene 925] {aka CD8, CD8alpha, IMD116, Leu2, p32}, BTK (Bruton tyrosine kinase) [NCBI Gene 695] {aka AGMX1, AT, ATK, BPK, IGHD3, IMD1}, SREBF2 (sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2) [NCBI Gene 6721] {aka SREBP-2, SREBP2, bHLHd2}, FHL2 (four and a half LIM domains 2) [NCBI Gene 2274] {aka AAG11, DRAL, FHL-2, SLIM-3, SLIM3}, FOXP3 (forkhead box P3) [NCBI Gene 50943] {aka AIID, DIETER, IPEX, JM2, PIDX, XPID}, IL5 (interleukin 5) [NCBI Gene 3567] {aka EDF, IL-5, TRF}, IL7 (interleukin 7) [NCBI Gene 3574] {aka IL-7, IMD130}, CD4 (CD4 molecule) [NCBI Gene 920] {aka CD4mut, IMD79, Leu-3, OKT4D, T4}, IL13 (interleukin 13) [NCBI Gene 3596] {aka IL-13, P600}, NFKB1 (nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1) [NCBI Gene 4790] {aka CVID12, EBP-1, KBF1, NF-kB, NF-kB1, NF-kappa-B1}, RELA (RELA proto-oncogene, NF-kB subunit) [NCBI Gene 5970] {aka AIF3BL3, CMCU, NFKB3, p65}, FOSL2 (FOS like 2, AP-1 transcription factor subunit) [NCBI Gene 2355] {aka ACED, FRA2}, IL21 (interleukin 21) [NCBI Gene 59067] {aka CVID11, IL-21, Za11}, RUNX1 (RUNX family transcription factor 1) [NCBI Gene 861] {aka AML1, AML1-EVI-1, AMLCR1, CBF2alpha, CBFA2, EVI-1}, LAMP1 (lysosome associated membrane protein 1) [NCBI Gene 3916] {aka CD107a, LAMPA, LGP120}, FOSL1 (FOS like 1, AP-1 transcription factor subunit) [NCBI Gene 8061] {aka FRA, FRA1, fra-1}, Clec7a (C-type lectin domain family 7, member a) [NCBI Gene 56644] {aka BGR, Clecsf12, beta-GR}, IFNG (interferon gamma) [NCBI Gene 3458] {aka IFG, IFI, IMD69} - **Diseases:** leukemic (MESH:D007938), inflammation (MESH:D007249), asthma (MESH:D001249), lung tissue damage (MESH:D055370), CLL (MESH:D015461), immune dysfunction (MESH:D007154), COVID-19 (MESH:D000086382), Cancer (MESH:D009369), AML (MESH:D054218), infection (MESH:D007239), cardiovascular disease (MESH:D002318), stroke (MESH:D020521), allergies (MESH:D004342), leukaemia (MESH:D015458), autoimmune conditions (MESH:D001327), CMV (MESH:D003586), sepsis (MESH:D018805), hypoxia (MESH:D000860), autoinflammatory (MESH:D056660), ET (MESH:D012772) - **Chemicals:** lipoteichoic acid (MESH:C009900), LPS (MESH:D008070), ibrutinib (MESH:C551803), beta-glucan (MESH:D047071), Ag (MESH:D012834) - **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], Mus musculus (house mouse, species) [taxon 10090], Staphylococcus aureus (species) [taxon 1280], Alternaria alternata (species) [taxon 5599] ## Full text _Full body text omitted from this summary view._ Fetch the complete paper as Markdown: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12926372/full.md ## Figures 1 figure with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12926372/full.md ## References 16 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12926372/full.md --- Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12926372