# Sublimation aides and abets co-milling and discoloration involving quinhydrone

**Authors:** Charles Izuchukwu Ezekiel, Leonard R. MacGillivray

PMC · DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2026.1741180 · 2026-02-09

## TL;DR

This paper explores how co-milling and sublimation affect the structure and color of quinhydrone when combined with specific additives.

## Contribution

The study reveals sublimation aids in forming new cocrystals during co-milling of quinhydrone.

## Key findings

- Co-milling with 4,4′-BPE or 4-MA causes discoloration of quinhydrone.
- Sublimation of BZQ leads to the formation of new cocrystals (HQ)·(4,4′-BPE) and (HQ)·2(4-MA).

## Abstract

We report an application of co-milling to the binary cocrystal (BZQ)·(HQ) or commonly known as quinhydrone. The co-milling is performed with either trans-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene (4.4′-BPE) or 4-methoxyaniline (4-MA). In both cases, the dark green color of (BZQ)·(HQ) in the sample undergoes discoloration with the co-milling. Sublimation of BZQ occurs with dismantling of (BZQ)·(HQ) to allow for formation of the targeted cocrystals (HQ)·(4,4′-BPE) and (HQ)·2(4-MA).

## Linked entities

- **Chemicals:** quinhydrone (PubChem CID 7801), 4-methoxyaniline (PubChem CID 7732), HQ (PubChem CID 785), 4-MA (PubChem CID 7470)

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** PDA (MESH:D004374), discoloration (MESH:D014075), PXRD (MESH:C564523)
- **Chemicals:** hydroquinone (MESH:C031927), Quinhydrone (MESH:C004601), stainless steel (MESH:D013193), APAP (MESH:D000082), vitamin K3 (MESH:D024483), Mei (MESH:C035713), 4,4'-BPE (-), cyclobutane (MESH:D003503), EtOH (MESH:D000431), diethyl ether (MESH:D004986), melamine (MESH:C011907), Hydrogen (MESH:D006859), p-benzoquinone (MESH:C004532), halogen (MESH:D006219), 2,4-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (MESH:C055293), 4-MA (MESH:C013813)
- **Mutations:** C-172  C, C-225  C

## Figures

7 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12925636/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12925636