# The unravelling of person-centred care: The value and necessity of analysing power relations in contraceptive services

## TL;DR

This paper explores how power dynamics in contraceptive services undermine patient-centered care, even when providers claim to support it.

## Contribution

The study introduces a novel analytical approach using Foucauldian biopower to reveal how discourses of risk and expertise undermine contraceptive autonomy.

## Key findings

- Discursively constructed power relations undermine bodily integrity and contraceptive agency.
- Idealized person-centred care narratives collapse under medicalized risk and protectionist discourses.
- Frameworks analyzing power dynamics are essential for understanding contraceptive care challenges.

## Abstract

Global research indicates ongoing challenges in delivering person-centred contraceptive care. Much of the contraceptive research investigates this issue using systems-focussed approaches to map institutional constraints (e.g. institutional or health system barriers to accessing contraception). The assumption underlying this research approach is that simply removing structural barriers can address issues and enhance contraceptive autonomy, but this is not the case. Our research shows how discursively constructed power relations undermine bodily integrity and contraceptive agency even as contraceptive providers endorse the principles of patient-centred care. Using a synthetic narrative/discourse approach to analyse provider interviews in South Africa and New Zealand, we draw on Foucauldian analytics of biopower to show how an idealised person-centred care narrative collapses under the weight of discourses of medicalised risk, protectionism, and biomedical expertise, signalling practices of power through confession, responsibilisation and surveillance. Our findings highlight an essential perspective frequently missing in systems-focussed research on contraceptive care: the crucial dimension of power and reproductive politics. Thus, we argue for the necessity of investigating this dimension, in addition to systemic challenges. Our work demonstrates the value of frameworks that illuminate power dynamics, such as the Foucauldian analytics of biopower we undertook. Expanding the range of research perspectives in contraceptive research can deepen understandings of how systems constraints and power relations together undermine relational person-centred contraceptive care.