# Application of nanoparticles in antibody drug delivery **Authors:** Wumiti Xiefukaiti, Qingmei Zhu, Nadira Dolkun, XueJun Xiao PMC · DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2026.1759915 · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · 2026-02-05 ## TL;DR This paper discusses how nanoparticles can improve the delivery of antibody drugs for better treatment of diseases like cancer and encephalopathy. ## Contribution The paper highlights the novel application of nanotechnology to enhance antibody drug delivery efficiency and targeting. ## Key findings - Nanoparticles can improve drug delivery by increasing permeability and targeting. - Nanomodification reduces resistance to antibodies and enhances treatment effectiveness. - Nanoparticles show potential for use in complex disease microenvironments. ## Abstract Due to their special molecular weight and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) characteristics, antibody drugs have difficulty crossing the body barrier and entering complex microenvironments to provide effective treatment for encephalopathy, cancer, and severe infectious diseases. With the development and application of nanotechnology, drugs can be modified by nanomethods to increase the delivery efficiency, targeting, and permeability, reduce the resistance to the antibody, and improve the response rate, thus increasing their safety and effectiveness. Therefore, nanoparticles have extensive research and application value in drug delivery systems. This article summarizes the characteristics of nanoparticles and nanoantibody delivery systems to provide a reference for the future application of nanoparticles in drug delivery. ## Linked entities - **Diseases:** encephalopathy (MONDO:0005560), cancer (MONDO:0004992) ## Full-text entities - **Genes:** MS4A1 (membrane spanning 4-domains A1) [NCBI Gene 931] {aka B1, Bp35, CD20, CVID5, FMC7, LEU-16}, CD4 (CD4 molecule) [NCBI Gene 920] {aka CD4mut, IMD79, Leu-3, OKT4D, T4}, CXCR4 (C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4) [NCBI Gene 7852] {aka CD184, D2S201E, FB22, HM89, HSY3RR, LCR1}, CD274 (CD274 molecule) [NCBI Gene 29126] {aka ADMIO5, B7-H, B7H1, PD-L1, PDCD1L1, PDCD1LG1}, CD47 (CD47 molecule) [NCBI Gene 961] {aka IAP, MER6, OA3}, CD33 (CD33 molecule) [NCBI Gene 945] {aka CD33rSiglec, SIGLEC-3, SIGLEC3, p67}, CD70 (CD70 molecule) [NCBI Gene 970] {aka CD27-L, CD27L, CD27LG, LPFS3, TNFSF7, TNLG8A}, TF (transferrin) [NCBI Gene 7018] {aka HEL-S-71p, PRO1557, PRO2086, TFQTL1}, Il4ra (interleukin 4 receptor, alpha) [NCBI Gene 16190] {aka CD124, Il4r}, ADAM17 (ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17) [NCBI Gene 6868] {aka ADAM18, CD156B, CSVP, HYPT16, NISBD, NISBD1}, F3 (coagulation factor III, tissue factor) [NCBI Gene 2152] {aka CD142, TF, TFA}, CTLA4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4) [NCBI Gene 1493] {aka ALPS5, CD, CD152, CELIAC3, CTLA-4, GRD4}, FCGRT (Fc gamma receptor and transporter) [NCBI Gene 2217] {aka FCRN, FcgammaRn, alpha-chain}, ALB (albumin) [NCBI Gene 213] {aka FDAHT, HSA, PRO0883, PRO0903, PRO1341}, Erbb2 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2) [NCBI Gene 13866] {aka Erbb-2, HER-2, HER2, Neu, c-erbB2, c-neu}, VWF (von Willebrand factor) [NCBI Gene 7450] {aka F8VWF, VWD}, ERBB2 (erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2) [NCBI Gene 2064] {aka CD340, HER-2, HER-2/neu, HER2, MLN 19, MLN-19}, IGF2 (insulin like growth factor 2) [NCBI Gene 3481] {aka C11orf43, GRDF, IGF-II, PP9974, SRS3}, App (amyloid beta precursor protein) [NCBI Gene 11820] {aka Abeta, Abpp, Adap, Ag, Cvap, E030013M08Rik}, SLC10A1 (solute carrier family 10 member 1) [NCBI Gene 6554] {aka FHCA2, NTCP}, TP53 (tumor protein p53) [NCBI Gene 7157] {aka BCC7, BMFS5, LFS1, P53, TRP53}, Egfr (epidermal growth factor receptor) [NCBI Gene 13649] {aka 9030024J15Rik, Erbb, Errb1, Errp, Wa5, wa-2}, FANCB (FA complementation group B) [NCBI Gene 2187] {aka FA2, FAAP90, FAAP95, FAB, FACB}, ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) [NCBI Gene 59272] {aka ACEH}, VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A) [NCBI Gene 7422] {aka L-VEGF, MVCD1, VEGF, VPF}, TLR4 (toll like receptor 4) [NCBI Gene 7099] {aka ARMD10, CD284, TLR-4, TOLL}, PROM1 (prominin 1) [NCBI Gene 8842] {aka AC133, CD133, CORD12, MCDR2, MSTP061, PROML1}, TGFBR2 (transforming growth factor beta receptor 2) [NCBI Gene 7048] {aka AAT3, FAA3, LDS1B, LDS2, LDS2B, MFS2}, TNF (tumor necrosis factor) [NCBI Gene 7124] {aka DIF, IMD127, TNF-alpha, TNFA, TNFSF2, TNLG1F}, FCGR1A (Fc gamma receptor Ia) [NCBI Gene 2209] {aka CD64, CD64A, FCG1, FCGR1, FCRI, FcgammaRI}, TNFSF13B (TNF superfamily member 13b) [NCBI Gene 10673] {aka BAFF, BLYS, CD257, TALL-1, TALL1, THANK}, IGHE (immunoglobulin heavy constant epsilon) [NCBI Gene 3497] {aka IgE}, PGF (placental growth factor) [NCBI Gene 5228] {aka D12S1900, PGFL, PIGF, PLGF, PlGF-2, SHGC-10760}, Itgax (integrin alpha X) [NCBI Gene 16411] {aka Cd11c, Cr4, N418}, PDCD1 (programmed cell death 1) [NCBI Gene 5133] {aka ADMIO4, AIMTBS, CD279, PD-1, PD1, SLEB2}, C1QA (complement C1q A chain) [NCBI Gene 712] {aka C1QD1}, Icam1 (intercellular adhesion molecule 1) [NCBI Gene 15894] {aka CD54, Icam-1, Ly-47, MALA-2}, VTN (vitronectin) [NCBI Gene 7448] {aka V75, VN, VNT} - **Diseases:** heart failure (MESH:D006333), inflammatory bowel disease (MESH:D015212), TNBC (MESH:D064726), mucositis (MESH:D052016), breast cancer (MESH:D001943), CAR (MESH:D056733), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MESH:D008228), system (MESH:D015619), TB (MESH:D014376), ovarian cancer (MESH:D010051), GMS (MESH:C538101), chronic hepatitis B. (MESH:D019694), aTTP (MESH:C536901), esophageal cancer (MESH:D004938), diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (MESH:D016403), Malaria (MESH:D008288), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (MESH:D011697), insect-borne disease (MESH:C000719201), hepatocellular carcinoma (MESH:D006528), multiple sclerosis (MESH:D009103), brain tumor (MESH:D001932), tonic (MESH:D004829), sepsis (MESH:D018805), infectious diseases (MESH:D003141), glioblastoma (MESH:D005909), tissue (MESH:D017695), rheumatoid arthritis (MESH:D001172), metastasis (MESH:D009362), dentin hypersensitivity (MESH:D003807), follicular lymphoma (MESH:D008224), colon cancer (MESH:D015179), Viral infections (MESH:D014777), phagocytosis (MESH:C566808), leukemia (MESH:D007938), atherosclerosis (MESH:D050197), encephalopathy (MESH:D001927), antibody-dependent (MESH:D007153), malnourished (MESH:D044342), died (MESH:D003643), COVID-19 (MESH:D000086382), impairment of placental function (MESH:D010922), immune regulation disorder (MESH:D007154), myocardial hypertrophy (MESH:D006984), CD (MESH:D003424), cardiovascular diseases (MESH:D002318), infection (MESH:D007239), cytotoxicity (MESH:D064420), gastric cancer (MESH:D013274), Autoimmune disease (MESH:D001327), skin cancer (MESH:D012878), neurological diseases (MESH:D020271), lung adenocarcinoma (MESH:D000077192), AIDS (MESH:D000163), inflammatory myopathy (MESH:D009220), myocardial injury (MESH:D009202), hematological malignancies (MESH:D019337), Psoriasis (MESH:D011565), acute myeloid leukemia (MESH:D015470), ischemia (MESH:D007511), psoriatic skin (MESH:D015535) - **Chemicals:** GSH (MESH:D005978), CS (MESH:D002586), melanin (MESH:D008543), siltuximab (MESH:C504234), Lipid (MESH:D008055), IMQ (MESH:D000077271), PLGA (MESH:D000077182), GA (MESH:D005708), reactive oxygen species (MESH:D017382), DDS (MESH:C007792), Ocrelizumab (MESH:C533411), CRC (MESH:D003474), bile acid (MESH:D001647), G0-C14 (-), ritonavir (MESH:D019438), Ronapreve (MESH:C000711751), rhynchophylline (MESH:C052714), DOX (MESH:D004317), poloxamer-188 (MESH:D020442), imdevimab (MESH:C000711488), titanium (MESH:D014025), Pembrolizumab (MESH:C582435), heme (MESH:D006418), Rituximab (MESH:D000069283), HEMA (MESH:C005044), oil (MESH:D009821), CIS43LS (MESH:C000719153), hydroxyapatite (MESH:D017886), cetuximab (MESH:D000068818), adalimumab (MESH:D000068879), zinc oxide (MESH:D015034), 5-FU (MESH:D005472), solanezumab (MESH:C550616), water (MESH:D014867), phthalocyanine (MESH:C013647), fullerene (MESH:D037741), pertuzumab (MESH:C485206), poly (2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine) (MESH:C115766), Infliximab (MESH:D000069285), Glycyrrhizic acid (MESH:D019695), Cosentyx (MESH:C555450), CT-P59 (MESH:C000716788), Bevacizumab (MESH:D000068258), casirivimab (MESH:C000711487), proline (MESH:D011392), belimumab (MESH:C511911), T (MESH:D014316), gold (MESH:D006046), platinum (MESH:D010984), Metal (MESH:D008670), oxygen (MESH:D010100), CTCE-9908 (MESH:C540323), tocilizumab (MESH:C502936), Chitosan (MESH:D048271), PEG (MESH:D011092), PTX (MESH:D017239), rapamycin (MESH:D020123), C (MESH:D002244), remdesivir (MESH:C000606551), trastuzumab (MESH:D000068878) - **Species:** Plasmodium (subgenus) [taxon 418103], Glycyrrhiza glabra (species) [taxon 49827], Mycobacterium tuberculosis (species) [taxon 1773], Adenoviridae (family) [taxon 10508], Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606], Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (no rank) [taxon 2697049], Gammacoronavirus (genus) [taxon 694013], Lama glama (llama, species) [taxon 9844], Vigna radiata (mung bean, species) [taxon 157791], Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (no rank) [taxon 11676], Hepatitis B virus (no rank) [taxon 10407], Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (no rank) [taxon 694009], Mus musculus (house mouse, species) [taxon 10090] ## Full text _Full body text omitted from this summary view._ Fetch the complete paper as Markdown: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12916561/full.md ## Figures 4 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12916561/full.md ## References 117 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12916561/full.md --- Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12916561