# Bilateral Occurrence of Mandibular Permanent Second Molar With Four Roots: A Case Report and Literature Review

## TL;DR

This paper reports a rare case of a patient with four-rooted mandibular second molars on both sides, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis in dental treatment.

## Contribution

The paper presents an extremely rare bilateral occurrence of four-rooted mandibular second molars, adding to the understanding of dental anomalies.

## Key findings

- CBCT imaging confirmed the presence of four roots in both mandibular second molars.
- Such a bilateral four-rooted configuration is considered extremely rare in the literature.

## Abstract

Basic knowledge of tooth anatomy is essential for endodontic success. The most common configuration of the mandibular second molar is the presence of two roots. However, single‐, three‐, four‐, and even five‐rooted forms have also been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study is to present a clinical case of a mandibular second molar with four roots. Morphology was assessed using CBCT examination, which revealed that the patient has bilateral four‐rooted second lower molars—an anomaly that, to our knowledge, is extremely rare in the literature. Awareness and careful diagnosis of such anomalies are crucial to ensure all canals are treated, improving clinical outcomes and preventing treatment failure.