# A Case of Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis **Authors:** Meher Binte Ali, Danish Jilani, Syeda Hafsa Qadri, Yilin Song, Nancy Hardy PMC · DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.72040 · Clinical Case Reports · 2026-02-17 ## TL;DR This case study explores the use of chemotherapeutic agents and Rituximab for treating a rare lung disease called autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. ## Contribution The paper suggests chemotherapeutic agents and Rituximab as potential treatment options for refractory cases of the disease. ## Key findings - Chemotherapeutic agents or Rituximab may be effective for refractory autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. - CT scan features like 'crazy paving pattern' are pathognomonic for the disease. ## Abstract Chemotherapeutic agents or regular doses of Rituximab may represent a potential therapeutic option for refractory cases of autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. CT scan showing widespread ground‐glass opacities and thickened septal lines in all five lobes, described as ‘crazy paving pattern’, pathognomonic for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. ## Linked entities - **Diseases:** autoimmune pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (MONDO:0012579) ## Full-text entities - **Genes:** CSF2 (colony stimulating factor 2) [NCBI Gene 1437] {aka CSF, GMCSF}, MUC1 (mucin 1, cell surface associated) [NCBI Gene 4582] {aka ADMCKD, ADMCKD1, ADTKD2, CA 15-3, CD227, Ca15-3}, CD38 (CD38 molecule) [NCBI Gene 952] {aka ADPRC 1, ADPRC1, cADPR1} - **Diseases:** weight loss (MESH:D015431), cough (MESH:D003371), infections (MESH:D007239), bronchitis (MESH:D001991), myeloproliferative malignancies (MESH:D009196), mycobacterium avium complex infections (MESH:D015270), alveolitis (MESH:D011658), interstitial lung disease (MESH:D017563), Congenital PAP (MESH:C535832), inspiratory crackles (MESH:D012135), Autoimmune PAP (MESH:C567049), pulmonary edema (MESH:D011654), cyanosis (MESH:D003490), malignancy (MESH:D009369), lung damage (MESH:D008171), multiple myeloma (MESH:D009101), dyspnea (MESH:D004417), inflammation (MESH:D007249), pulmonary infections (MESH:D012141), bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (MESH:D002282), acute respiratory distress syndrome (MESH:D012128), pneumonias (MESH:D011014), fatigue (MESH:D005221), clubbing (MESH:D003025), smoking (MESH:D015208), alveolar hemorrhage (MESH:D006470), autoimmune (MESH:D001327), PFTs (OMIM:608852), PAP (MESH:D011649), respiratory failure (MESH:D012131) - **Chemicals:** rifampin (MESH:D012293), Rituximab (MESH:D000069283), ethambutol (MESH:D004977), dexamethasone (MESH:D003907), CyBorD (-), daratumumab (MESH:C556306), oxygen (MESH:D010100), azithromycin (MESH:D017963), cyclophosphamide (MESH:D003520), bortezomib (MESH:D000069286) - **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606] ## Full text _Full body text omitted from this summary view._ Fetch the complete paper as Markdown: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12912939/full.md ## Figures 2 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12912939/full.md ## References 25 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12912939/full.md --- Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12912939