# Gliosarcoma: A Case Series and Comprehensive Literature Review

## TL;DR

This paper presents three cases of gliosarcoma, a rare brain tumor, and discusses their clinical features, treatment, and prognosis.

## Contribution

The study contributes a detailed case series and analysis of gliosarcoma, emphasizing diagnostic and prognostic insights.

## Key findings

- Gliosarcoma cases presented with varied symptoms and involved different brain regions.
- Multimodal treatment did not prevent disease progression in the reported cases.
- Median overall survival for gliosarcoma is approximately 13-16 months.

## Abstract

Gliosarcoma represents an uncommon primary neoplasm of the central nervous system, distinguished by a biphasic histological architecture that combines glial and mesenchymal elements. In this report, we present three cases of intracranial tumors confirmed histopathologically as gliosarcoma, offering a comprehensive account of their clinical presentation, neuroimaging characteristics, and pathological features. The lesions involved different cerebral regions, specifically the frontal, temporal, and occipital lobes, and manifested with a heterogeneous range of symptoms, including headache, focal motor weakness, and epileptic seizures. The series comprises two male patients and one female patient, aged 54, 51, and 63 years. All patients underwent surgical resection, followed by adjuvant radiotherapy with concurrent and/or adjuvant temozolomide. Despite multimodal treatment, disease progression occurred, consistent with the aggressive biological behavior of gliosarcoma, which is associated with a reported median overall survival of approximately 13-16 months. Through detailed analysis of each case, we highlight the key clinical, radiological, and histopathological findings, emphasizing their diagnostic value and the importance of integrating treatment and outcome data to contextualize prognosis in this rare tumor entity.