# Evaluation of 3D biomimetic microcarriers for enhancing therapeutic efficacy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in psoriasis treatment

## TL;DR

This study shows that culturing human umbilical cord stem cells in a 3D system improves their growth and effectiveness in treating psoriasis in mice.

## Contribution

The study introduces a 3D microcarrier-bioreactor system that enhances the therapeutic potential of hUC-MSCs for immune-mediated disorders.

## Key findings

- 3D-cultured hUC-MSCs showed improved proliferation, stemness, and immune function compared to 2D-cultured cells.
- 3D-hUC-MSCs reduced psoriasis-like inflammation in mice by suppressing immune cell infiltration and IL-17 pathways.
- Transcriptomic analysis revealed modulation of inflammation and immune response pathways by 3D-hUC-MSCs.

## Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold promise for regenerative medicine due to their unique biological properties, including self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potential. Conventional two-dimensional (2D) culture systems may hinder therapeutic efficacy due to challenges in maintaining quality and producing a sufficient quantity of cells for clinical applications. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of a three-dimensional (3D) microcarrier-bioreactor system on the biological characteristics of human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) and their potential therapeutic efficacy in a psoriasis mouse model. The 3D microcarrier-bioreactor system was observed to improve hUC-MSCs attachment and proliferation while preserving genetic stability, characteristic surface marker expression, non-tumorigenic properties, and differentiation potential, consistent with outcomes from 2D cultures. Moreover, the 3D-hUC-MSCs demonstrated enhanced proliferation, stemness, immune function, and cell viability compared to those cultured in 2D systems.In vitro experiments demonstrated that 3D-hUC-MSCs supernatants effectively suppressed IL-17A-induced NF-κB signaling in keratinocytes. In vivo, 3D-hUC-MSCs significantly reduced IMQ+IL-23-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation by reducing immune cell infiltration and inhibiting IL-17-associated inflammatory pathways. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 3D-hUC-MSCs modulated signaling pathways associated with inflammation and innate immune responses. Our findings suggest that the 3D microcarrier-bioreactor system holds promise as a strategy to enhance the therapeutic potential of hUC-MSCs, particularly in the treatment of immune-mediated disorders such as psoriasis.