Effective removal of antibiotics from aqueous solutions by a robust activated carbon: experimental and theoretical study
Khan Badshah, Qaisar Ali, Rashid Ahmad, Iftikhar Ahmad
TL;DR
A new activated carbon made from coal effectively removes antibiotics from water, showing high adsorption and reusability.
Contribution
A coal-based activated carbon with ultra-high surface area and strong adsorption for antibiotics is developed and analyzed.
Findings
The activated carbon achieved ~99.5% removal of moxifloxacin and linezolid from water.
Adsorption capacities were 839 and 832 mg g−1 for moxifloxacin and linezolid, respectively.
DFT analysis showed hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions as key mechanisms.
Abstract
The continuous discharge of antibiotics into water bodies is a potential threat to the ecosystem. We prepared a coal-based activated carbon and characterized it via BET, SEM, FTIR spectroscopy, XRD, TEM, TGA and Raman spectroscopy. Its surface area was 3470 m2 g−1, and its pore size and volume were 1.808 nm and 1.568 cm3 g−1, respectively. It was evaluated for the removal of moxifloxacin (MOX) and linezolid (LINZ) from water using the Freundlich, Langmuir Temkin and D–R isotherm models and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. This material removed ∼99.5% of antibiotics, with adsorption capacities of 839 and 832 mg g−1 for MOX and LINZ, respectively. Thermodynamic parameters i.e. change in Gibb's free energy (ΔG = −11.248 to −24.376 kJ mol−1), enthalpy (ΔH = 185.52 kJ mol−1) and entropy (ΔS = 263 J mol−1 K−1) and ΔG (−9.52 to −13.818 kJ mol−1), ΔH (62.36 kJ mol−1) and ΔS (108 J mol−1…
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Taxonomy
TopicsAdsorption and biosorption for pollutant removal · Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts · Ionic liquids properties and applications