Stress in dermatology patients: A multicenter observational study of 8295 outpatients and controls from 22 European clinics

TL;DR

This study found that dermatology patients experience higher stress than healthy individuals, with certain skin conditions linked to the highest stress levels.

Contribution

The study provides large-scale evidence on disease-specific stress in dermatology patients across Europe.

Findings

Patients with skin conditions reported significantly higher stress levels and more stressful life events than controls.

Psychodermatological conditions and specific skin diseases were associated with the highest stress levels.

44% of stress variance in patients was explained by sociodemographic, disease-related, and psychological factors.

Abstract

Skin diseases are symptomatic, visible, and stigmatizing and it is acknowledged that they can be associated with stress. However, large studies comparing disease-specific stress are scarce.

To investigate stress in a large, diverse sample of patients with different skin conditions and identify predictors of stress.

A cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted in 22 dermatology clinics across 17 European countries (response rate 82.4%). The study included 5487 patients diagnosed with various dermatological conditions and 2808 skin-healthy controls. The Perceived Stress Scale, 10 items was used to measure stress.

Patients reported significantly higher stress levels, more stressful life events during the last 6 months, and more economic difficulties than controls. Patients with psychodermatological conditions, hyperhidrosis, hidradenitis suppurativa, atopic dermatitis, acne, and urticaria experienced the highest stress levels. 44% of the variance of perceived stress in patients with skin conditions could be predicted by sociodemographic data and disease-related and psychological variables (depression, anxiety, stigmatization, and body dysmorphic concerns).

As with all cross-sectional studies, causality and directionality cannot be inferred.

Stress poses a significant psychosocial burden to dermatological patients, especially to vulnerable subgroups. Health interventions targeting stress may be essential to improve clinical outcomes.

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