# Impact of Season, Semen Collection Frequency and Between‐Male Variation on Ostrich Seminal Plasma Composition

## TL;DR

This study found that winter collections have higher seminal plasma proteins in ostriches, with no effect from collection frequency and notable variation between males.

## Contribution

The study identifies seasonal effects and male variation on ostrich seminal plasma composition, suggesting potential for selective breeding.

## Key findings

- Winter samples had higher total seminal plasma proteins and protein concentration than spring samples.
- Seminal plasma volume was not affected by season or collection frequency.
- Between-male variation was significant, with repeatability estimates suggesting potential for selective breeding.

## Abstract

This study evaluated the effect of season, semen collection frequency, and male variation on seminal plasma composition of farmed ostriches. Five South African Black ostrich males (4.47 ± 0.95 years of age) were used in spring 2011 and winter 2012. Semen was collected once daily, three times with an interval of 4 days between collections, followed by three collections at two‐day intervals, and daily for three consecutive days using the dummy female method. Seminal plasma volume was measured with an automatic pipette after semen centrifugation, while seminal plasma protein concentration was determined using the Bradford Coomasie assay. Total seminal plasma proteins were obtained as a product of seminal plasma volume and protein concentration. Semen samples collected in spring had lower total seminal plasma proteins and protein concentration compared to samples collected in winter. Semen collection frequency had no effect on total seminal plasma proteins and protein concentration. Seminal plasma volume was independent of season and semen collection frequency. Lastly, between‐male variation was recorded for all seminal plasma traits, with repeatability estimates for seminal plasma volume, seminal plasma protein concentration and total seminal plasma proteins amounting to 0.51 ± 0.19, 0.33 ± 0.18 and 0.44 ± 0.19, respectively. This study established that higher seminal plasma protein levels are characteristic of winter collections, while frequent semen collection exerts no influence on seminal plasma composition. Between‐male variation and repeatability estimates suggest identification and selection for males with favourable seminal plasma concentration could be achievable in the ostrich.