# Does menopause influence the association between atherogenic index of plasma and prediabetes? A cross-sectional study in middle-aged Chinese women

## TL;DR

This study finds that a blood marker called AIP is linked to higher prediabetes risk in middle-aged Chinese women, especially those who are postmenopausal.

## Contribution

The study is the first to show that AIP's association with prediabetes is consistent across menopausal status and highest in postmenopausal women with high AIP.

## Key findings

- AIP was positively associated with prediabetes risk in all middle-aged women (OR: 1.45).
- Postmenopausal women with high AIP had the highest prediabetes risk (OR: 1.61).
- The relationship between AIP and prediabetes was approximately linear across all groups.

## Abstract

The atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is a novel marker associated with the risk of prediabetes, yet its interplay with menopausal status remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between AIP and prediabetes among middle-aged Chinese women, and to explore this association jointly with menopausal status.

This retrospective cross-sectional study included data of 7,929 middle-aged women who underwent physical examinations in a tertiary hospital in Changsha City, China, from 2015 to 2023. Participants’ sociodemographic, physical, and laboratory data were collected from their medical records. The association between AIP and prediabetes was tested using multiple logistic regression models, followed by restricted cubic splines analysis for dose-response relationships. The relationship was further examined through stratified and joint analyses by menopausal status.

Among the 7,929 participants, 1,592 (20.08%) were newly diagnosed with prediabetes. After adjusting for confounders, AIP was associated with an increased risk of prediabetes in all women (OR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.30, 1.62), premenopausal women (OR: 1.51, 95% CI: 1.25, 1.83), and postmenopausal women (OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.26, 1.65), with the relationships being approximately linear. Although the multiplicative interaction was not statistically significant (P = 0.973), joint analysis revealed that compared to the low AIP-premenopausal reference group, the high AIP-postmenopausal group had the highest prediabetes risk (OR: 1.61, 95% CI: 1.31, 1.98).

This study demonstrated a positive, linear relationship between AIP and the risk of prediabetes in middle-aged women. When considered jointly, a high AIP combined with postmenopausal status identified a subgroup with the greatest associated risk. AIP shows promise as a simple, cost-effective indicator for identifying high-risk individuals, though its clinical utility requires validation in prospective studies.