# Preparation and Research Progress of Polymer-Based Anion Exchange Chromatography Stationary Phases

## TL;DR

This paper reviews recent advances in polymer-based anion exchange chromatography stationary phases, focusing on their synthesis, functional modification, and future directions.

## Contribution

A systematic overview of synthesis methods and functionalization strategies for polymer-based anion exchange stationary phases.

## Key findings

- Polymer matrices offer better pH stability and mechanical robustness compared to silica-based ones.
- Functional modification is crucial for enhancing ion exchange performance and selectivity.
- Various synthesis and functionalization methods have been developed to improve chromatographic separation.

## Abstract

Ion chromatography (IC) serves as a pivotal technique in trace ion analysis, and the separation performance of IC is largely determined by the properties of stationary phases. In contrast to silica-based matrices, polymer-based stationary phases have garnered significant interest owing to their outstanding pH stability and mechanical robustness. However, unmodified polymer matrices usually lack necessary ion exchange functions and selectivity; therefore, precise functional modification is the key to improving their chromatographic separation performance. This paper provides a systematic overview of recent advances in the synthesis and functional modification of polymer-based anion exchange chromatography stationary phases over the past few years. Firstly, the types and characteristics of polymer matrices commonly used for functional modification are summarized; secondly, the origin and improvement of common synthesis methods such as microporous membrane emulsification, droplet microfluidics, suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, soap-free emulsion polymerization, precipitation polymerization, dispersion polymerization, and seed swelling are introduced according to the molding methods of polymer matrices; furthermore, the principles, characteristics, and development status of mainstream functionalization strategies, including chemical derivatization, surface grafting, latex agglomeration, and hyperbranching, are emphasized. Finally, the existing challenges and prospective development trends in this field are discussed and outlooked, with the purpose of offering insights for the targeted design and practical application of high-performance polymer-based anion exchange chromatography stationary phases.