# Effect of Gd Alloying on Magnetic Properties of Direct-Quenched Fe-Gd-B Nanocrystalline Alloys

## TL;DR

Adding Gd to Fe-B alloys improves magnetic properties by controlling grain size and thermal stability.

## Contribution

Gd alloying suppresses grain growth and enhances magnetic performance in Fe-Gd-B nanocrystalline alloys.

## Key findings

- Fe90.70Gd2.32B6.98 alloy achieves 1.67 T saturation magnetic induction and 2.737 kA/m coercivity.
- Gd suppresses α-Fe grain growth by stabilizing the amorphous matrix.
- Nanoscale grains reduce coercivity by limiting domain wall pinning.

## Abstract

Nanocrystalline Fe-Gd-B alloys were successfully synthesized via Gd alloying in a binary Fe-B system using a single-roller melt-spinning technique. A systematic investigation of Gd content variation (0–4.35 at.%) reveals its critical role in tuning microstructure evolution, thermal stability, and magnetic properties. Crucially, the Fe90.70Gd2.32B6.98 alloy ribbon exhibits optimized magnetic performance, achieving a high saturation magnetic induction (Bs) of 1.67 T and a low coercivity (Hc) of 2.737 kA/m. This enhancement is attributed to the suppression α-Fe grain growth through Gd-induced elevation of the thermal stability of the amorphous matrix, which confines the average crystallite size to 26.3 nm. The refined α-Fe phase contributes to elevated Bs through an increased ferromagnetic fraction, while its nanoscale grain structure, combined with wide magnetic domain configurations, effectively reduces Hc by limiting domain wall pinning sites. These findings establish that the synergistic effect of Gd alloying and Fe/B ratio adjustment is a viable strategy for designing high-performance Fe-based magnetic alloys.