# Temperature-Dependent Plastic Behavior of ASA: Johnson–Cook Plasticity Model Calibration and FEM Validation

## TL;DR

This paper calibrates a model to predict how ASA plastic behaves under different temperatures, improving simulations for outdoor applications.

## Contribution

A non-standard calibration method for the Johnson–Cook model with temperature-dependent parameters for ASA is proposed and validated.

## Key findings

- Calibrated J-C parameters for ASA at -10°C, +23°C, and +65°C show good agreement with experimental data.
- Finite element simulations using Abaqus confirmed high correlation with experimental stress–strain responses.
- The methodology provides a reliable basis for simulating ASA behavior under varying thermal conditions.

## Abstract

Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate (ASA) is widely used in outdoor structural applications due to its favorable mechanical stability and weather resistance; however, its temperature-dependent plastic behavior remains insufficiently characterized for accurate numerical simulation. This study presents a non-standard method of calibrating the temperature-dependent Johnson–Cook (J-C) plasticity model for ASA in the practical operating temperature range below the glass transition temperature. Uniaxial tensile tests at constant strain rate 0.01 s−1 were performed at −10 °C, +23 °C, and +65 °C to characterize the effect of temperature on the material’s plastic response. The J-C parameters A, B, and n were identified for each temperature separately and globally using least-squares optimization implemented in MATLAB R2024b, showing good agreement with the experimental stress–strain curves. The calibrated parameters were subsequently implemented in Abaqus 2024 and validated through finite element simulations of the tensile tests. Numerical predictions demonstrated a very high correlation with the experimental data across all temperatures, confirming that the J-C model accurately captures the hardening behavior of ASA. The presented parameter set and calibration methodology provide a reliable basis for future simulation-driven design, forming analysis, and structural assessment of ASA components subjected to variable thermal conditions.