# Environmentally Driven Precision Neurology: A Neurogenomic Perspective

## TL;DR

This paper reviews how environmental factors and genetics together affect neurological diseases, advocating for personalized approaches to better predict and treat these conditions.

## Contribution

The paper introduces the concept of 'precision neurology' that integrates environmental and genomic data to predict and manage neurological diseases.

## Key findings

- Environmental pollution and factors like pesticides are linked to neurological diseases through epigenetic changes.
- Precision neurology could improve diagnostics and interventions by combining genomic and environmental data.
- Challenges include data integration, computational complexity, and ethical issues in implementing this approach.

## Abstract

This review explores how the intersection of our environment and our genetic code influences the onset and progression of neurological diseases. As global cases of conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease continue to rise, this research highlights the necessity of moving toward precision neurology, a personalized approach that accounts for a person’s lifelong environmental exposures or “exposome”. By integrating genomic data with environmental monitoring and advanced technologies, we can better predict individual risks and develop targeted strategies to protect brain health.

The World Health Organization identifies environmental pollution as a primary global health threat, and its role in the onset and progression of neurological diseases is becoming increasingly clear. In the era of precision medicine, understanding the complex interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental factors is particularly important. The global increase in neurological conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and neurodevelopmental disorders highlights the urgent need for precision neurology. Environmental factors like air pollution, pesticides, and prenatal stress can induce epigenetic changes, including DNA methylation and histone modifications, which alter gene expression and shape disease risk. Advances in neurogenomics, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence are revolutionizing our ability to decipher these mechanisms, presenting new approaches for personalized diagnostics and interventions. However, significant challenges related to data integration, computational complexity, high implementation costs, and ethical considerations remain. Overcoming these barriers is essential to harness the full potential of environmentally informed precision neurology. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the integration of environmental and genomic data to better predict, prevent, and treat neurological diseases, aiming to alleviate their growing global burden and improve patient outcomes.