# LncRNAs in Ovarian Cancer: Emerging Insights and Future Perspectives in Tumor Biology and Clinical Applications

## TL;DR

This review explores how long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to ovarian cancer and their potential as diagnostic and therapeutic tools.

## Contribution

The paper provides a comprehensive overview of lncRNA mechanisms in ovarian cancer and highlights emerging technologies for their study and application.

## Key findings

- LncRNAs regulate ovarian cancer through multiple mechanisms, including chromatin remodeling and RNA splicing.
- Dysregulated lncRNAs are linked to tumor progression, chemoresistance, and poor patient outcomes.
- Long-read sequencing and CRISPR-Cas13 are advancing lncRNA research and potential RNA-targeted therapies.

## Abstract

Ovarian cancer is a highly lethal disease, often diagnosed at advanced stages, a fact that complicates treatment. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNA molecules that do not encode proteins but play crucial roles in gene expression regulation. This review focuses on the roles of lncRNAs, giving mechanistic insights from ovarian cancer-related studies, and highlights their potential utility as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive indicators of the disease. By discussing emerging insights from cutting-edge technologies, including long-read sequencing and CRISPR-Cas13 system, this review aims to provide a framework for future lncRNA research and therapeutics in ovarian cancer. The findings could provide an in-depth understanding of lncRNAs’ dysregulation in this malignancy and potentially accelerate the future translation of lncRNA-based strategies into clinical practice for ovarian cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Background/Objectives: Ovarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies, mainly because it is frequently diagnosed at advanced stages due to nonspecific symptoms and the lack of effective screening strategies. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of gene expression, and accumulating evidence implicates them in OC initiation, progression, and treatment response. This review aims to comprehensively summarize the molecular mechanisms of lncRNAs in OC, examine their clinical potential as biomarkers, and discuss emerging technologies that are about to advance lncRNA research and therapeutics in OC. Methods: A comprehensive review of published studies investigating lncRNA expression, function, and clinical relevance in OC was conducted. Mechanistic insights were integrated across multiple regulatory levels, including epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational control. Advances in transcriptomic technologies and RNA-targeting techniques were also examined. Results: LncRNAs influence OC through diverse mechanisms, including chromatin remodeling, transcriptional regulation, RNA splicing, mRNA stability, protein modulation, competing endogenous RNA networks, and nuclear organization. Their dysregulation is linked to tumor progression, metastasis, chemoresistance, and poor patient outcomes. Numerous lncRNAs exhibit diagnostic and prognostic value, underscoring their clinical potential. Advances in long-read sequencing have improved lncRNA annotation and isoform resolution, while CRISPR-Cas13 offers a potential approach for selective RNA-targeted therapy. Conclusions: LncRNAs are critical molecules in OC development and progression, holding potential in advancing OC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Continued integration of functional studies, advanced sequencing technologies, and RNA-targeting approaches can facilitate the clinical translation of lncRNAs for early OC diagnosis and management.