# Decoding the Invisible: A Diagnostic Odyssey of Pulmonary Alveolar Microlithiasis From the Desert State of India, Rajasthan

## TL;DR

This paper reports the first case of a rare lung disorder, pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis, from Rajasthan, India, emphasizing the need for its inclusion in differential diagnoses.

## Contribution

The paper presents the first documented case of PAM in Rajasthan, India.

## Key findings

- A 30-year-old female from Rajasthan was diagnosed with PAM after presenting with persistent respiratory symptoms.
- The patient's symptoms were not alleviated by anti-tubercular treatment, highlighting diagnostic challenges.
- This case underscores the importance of considering PAM in differential diagnoses in the region.

## Abstract

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM) is a rare depositional disorder that carries an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance. It may present at any age and is usually detected incidentally with an abnormal chest X-ray. Most patients are asymptomatic or have minimal symptoms at the time of detection of the disease. Here, we report a case of a 30-year-old female patient who presented with an illness duration of six months and complaints of dry cough, chest pain, and shortness of breath. She was started on anti-tubercular treatment on clinical grounds by her physician, but was not relieved of her symptoms. This case highlights the importance of having PAM in the differential diagnosis. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first case of PAM from Rajasthan, a desert state of India, in spite of many institutional and monetary challenges.