# A rare case of pediatric autoimmune pancreatitis and autoimmune hepatitis in a patient with sickle cell disease

## TL;DR

This case report describes a rare instance of two autoimmune diseases in a child with sickle cell disease and the challenges in diagnosing and treating them.

## Contribution

The paper presents a rare pediatric case of concurrent autoimmune pancreatitis and autoimmune hepatitis in a patient with sickle cell disease.

## Key findings

- Concurrent autoimmune pancreatitis and autoimmune hepatitis are rarely reported in children.
- The case highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in managing these conditions in the context of sickle cell disease.
- The patient's treatment was complicated by the underlying sickle cell disease.

## Abstract

Concurrent pediatric autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are rarely reported, and no established pediatric‐specific guidelines are available to guide the diagnosis and management of these conditions in children. While AIP and AIH share an underlying autoimmune mechanism of injury, marked by chronic inflammatory changes such as fibrosis, sclerosis, and infiltration of mononuclear cells like plasma cells and lymphocytes, their concurrent occurrence is infrequent, as they remain distinct clinical entities. In this case report, we present a case of concurrent AIH and AIP with treatment challenges secondary to underlying sickle cell disease (SCD) in an 11‐year‐old female. Herein, we discuss not only the diagnostic challenges faced when determining the cause of cholestasis in a patient with SCD but also the therapeutic strategies adopted throughout the care of this patient.