# Fat reserve and body condition variation in Argentine black and white tegus: native-invasive comparisons and environmental drivers in Florida

## TL;DR

This study compares fat and body condition in native and invasive tegus, finding that they adapt well to Florida's environment, which can help guide management strategies.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into the physiological adaptability of invasive tegus in Florida and identifies environmental drivers of body condition.

## Key findings

- Tegus in South Florida maintain body condition similar to native populations despite lower fat reserves.
- Minimum temperature, Julian day, and percentage fat significantly influence tegu body condition in Florida.
- Findings suggest seasonal windows for targeted tegu removal based on body condition and activity patterns.

## Abstract

Invasive species impose major ecological and economic costs on ecosystems and countries where introduced. To effectively manage Argentine black and white tegus (Salvator merianae) within their invasive range, it is important that management actions are based on species’ biology. We estimated tegu percentage fat and body condition in native (Cordoba, Argentina) and non-native (South Florida, United States) populations and identified biological, temporal, and environmental variables that influence tegu body condition in South Florida. Large adult tegus in Cordoba had larger fat reserves than tegus in South Florida. However, body condition values were highly similar between the native and non-native range throughout the year, showing a well-adapted tegu population to South Florida environmental conditions. Generalized additive mixed models (size estimate = 2.67) showed very strong (p-value < 0.001) to moderate (p-value <0.01) evidence of Julian day, minimum temperature, and percentage fat individually affecting tegu body condition in South Florida (deviance explained 37%). The direction and magnitude of univariate effects varied from positive linear relationship (minimum temperature) impacting body condition up to 18% to negative (Julian day) and positive (percentage fat) monomodal relationships impacting body condition up to 24% and 6%, respectively. Our results provide insights as to how adaptable tegus are physiologically to novel environments and their capability to maintain body condition that is similar to, or better than that of native individuals. These findings can inform management in Florida by identifying seasonal windows when tegus’ activity and condition may make them more susceptible to targeted removal.