Production of Platelet-Rich Gel Using Allogeneic Platelets Isolated from Donor Whole Blood

TL;DR

This study shows how to make a platelet-rich gel from donor blood platelets, which could be used for wound healing and regenerative medicine.

Contribution

A new method for producing platelet gel and thrombofibrin clot from allogeneic platelets isolated from donor whole blood is developed.

Findings

Centrifugation at 2500–2700 g preserves platelet quality better than higher speeds.

Platelet-rich gel can be produced from PLC without activation inducers at room temperature.

Optimal PLC samples have low membrane damage and high granule-containing platelets.

Abstract

The aim of the study was to perform a morphofunctional analysis of allogeneic platelets isolated from donor whole blood and to assess the possibility of producing platelet-rich gel based on them.

The study investigated donor blood platelets, platelets collected from donors via apheresis, and platelets isolated from donor whole blood (platelet-leukocyte concentrates, PLC). Platelet quality was assessed before and after centrifugation at 2500–4000 g, as well as the feasibility of producing platelet gel from platelet-rich plasma isolated from whole blood. Morphofunctional analysis of platelets was performed using an original method based on the examination of vitally stained cells by fluorescence microscopy. The cytokine profile in the platelet concentrates isolated from whole blood was evaluated using multiplex analysis.

Following centrifugation at 2500–4000 g, the platelet population exhibited an increased number of platelets with damaged membranes, procoagulant platelets, and platelets prone to spontaneous activation. Centrifugation at 2500–2700 g was less damaging than centrifugation at 2701–4000 g and allowed to preserve a significant volume of growth factors within the platelets. Platelet-rich plasma isolated from PLC can be used to produce platelet gel and thrombofibrin clot in vitro at 20–22°C without the use of platelet activation inducers. The most effective PLC samples for producing platelet gel were those without platelet conglomerates, containing over 20% platelets with granules and less than 20% platelets with damaged membranes, with a level of procoagulant platelets below 5%, and with an increased or high adhesion rate of platelets with granules to glass. The use of platelets from allogeneic PLC enables the production of platelet gel within 20–30 min.

There was developed a method for producing platelet gel and a thrombofibrin clot at 20–22°C based on allogeneic platelets isolated from donor whole blood. These materials can be used as wound dressings, applicative biological constructs for treating tissue defects of various origins, and in the creation of composite biological designs intended for use in regenerative medicine.

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