Recent advances in mitochondria-targeted porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks for enhanced cancer therapy
Jiawen Tao, Zhifei Yuan, Mengjiao Zhou
TL;DR
Researchers have developed porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks that target mitochondria to improve cancer therapy by delivering reactive oxygen species and overcoming treatment resistance.
Contribution
The paper introduces mitochondria-targeted porphyrin-MOFs that enable precise, multimodal cancer therapy through enhanced ROS delivery and organelle-specific targeting.
Findings
Porphyrin-MOFs functionalized with mitochondria-targeting ligands improve photodynamic therapy by delivering ROS directly to mitochondria.
These MOFs can be used in sonodynamic and radiodynamic therapies, enhancing oxidative damage and overcoming resistance mechanisms.
The platforms support multimodal cancer treatment and have potential for intelligent, stimuli-responsive theranostic applications.
Abstract
Porphyrin-based metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) offer exceptional advantages for cancer therapy, including high photosensitizer loading, tunable nanostructures, and suppression of porphyrin self-quenching. By functionalizing with mitochondria targeting ligands, these platforms deliver reactive oxygen species (ROS) precisely to mitochondria, the oxygen-rich and ROS-sensitive organelle, dramatically enhancing photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy. This design paradigm has been successfully extended to sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and radiotherapy/radiodynamic therapy (RT-RDT), where porphyrin-MOFs integrate additional functions such as glutathione depletion, CO/H2S gas release, or immune activation. Upon ultrasound or X-ray irradiation, these systems synergistically amplify mitochondrial oxidative damage, overcoming hypoxia, antioxidant defenses, and apoptosis resistance. The diversified…
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Taxonomy
TopicsNanoplatforms for cancer theranostics · Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism · Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications