# Adult Wilms Tumour: A Case Report of an Atypical Presentation and Literature Review

## TL;DR

This paper presents a rare case of adult Wilms tumour and discusses the challenges in diagnosing and treating this condition in adults.

## Contribution

The paper contributes a case report of an atypical adult Wilms tumour presentation and emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach in management.

## Key findings

- Adult Wilms tumour is rare and presents diagnostic challenges due to its atypical clinical features.
- Multimodal treatment combining surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy improves outcomes in adult cases.
- Management strategies are adapted from pediatric protocols but require careful application in adults.

## Abstract

Adult Wilms tumour is a rare renal malignancy. Although it shares histopathological features with its paediatric counterpart, its genetic landscape and underlying biological behaviour remain incompletely understood. Owing to its rarity, staging and treatment strategies in adults are largely extrapolated from paediatric clinical trials. The adoption of these protocols in adult practice has led to a significant improvement in outcomes over recent decades. Current management relies on a multimodal, risk-adapted approach, incorporating surgery, chemotherapy, and, when indicated, radiotherapy. We present the case of a 30-year-old woman diagnosed with stage I adult Wilms tumour following an atypical clinical presentation. This case underscores the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges associated with Wilms tumour in the adult population and highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to management.