# Deep learning for the change-point Cox model with current status data

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a deep learning method to improve change-point detection in survival analysis using current status data.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in using deep neural networks within a Cox model to capture complex change-point effects.

## Key findings

- The proposed deep learning method improves finite sample performance in change-point detection.
- The model achieves consistency, asymptotic independence, and semiparametric efficiency.
- The methodology is demonstrated on a breast cancer dataset.

## Abstract

This study develops estimation methods for a deep partially linear Cox proportional hazards model with a change point under current status data, aiming to accommodate complex change-point effects. Prior work has largely relied on linear models, which may inadequately capture relationships among multivariate covariates and thus hinder accurate change-point detection. To address this, we use a deep neural network to model covariate effects within the Cox framework and propose a maximum likelihood estimation procedure for the model. We establish asymptotic properties of the resulting estimators, including consistency, asymptotic independence, and semiparametric efficiency. Simulation studies indicate that the proposed inference procedure performs well in finite samples. An analysis of a breast cancer dataset is provided to illustrate the methodology.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10985-026-09689-y.