# Hypothesizing the Biotherapeutic Potential of Nitrosotalea devanaterra: Targeting Ammonia Dependency to Disrupt Helicobacter pylori Survival Strategies in Gastritis

## TL;DR

This paper proposes using Nitrosotalea devanaterra to combat Helicobacter pylori by competing for ammonia, offering a non-antibiotic approach to treat gastritis.

## Contribution

The novel contribution is proposing ammonia-oxidizing acidophiles as non-antibiotic competitors to H. pylori.

## Key findings

- Nitrosotalea devanaterra may disrupt H. pylori survival by reducing ammonia availability.
- A stepwise experimental framework is proposed to test this hypothesis in vitro and in vivo.
- The approach could reduce antibiotic resistance by avoiding traditional drug use.

## Abstract

The increasing antibiotic resistance of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) underscores the urgent need for alternative, nonantibiotic therapeutic strategies. This conceptual framework hypothesizes that Nitrosotalea devanaterra (N. devanaterra), an ammonia-oxidizing acidophile, could function as a biological competitor to H. pylori by reducing local ammonia availability, a critical factor for its survival and colonization in the gastric environment. To explore this hypothesis, a stepwise experimental framework is proposed. Initially, in vitro coculture models using gastric epithelial cells under microaerophilic conditions were employed to investigate potential interactions, metabolic competition, and impacts on H. pylori viability. Prospective in vivo validation could subsequently be performed using Mongolian gerbils, a model that closely mimics human gastric physiology, to assess the microbial load, histopathological changes, and host immune responses under controlled conditions. While direct empirical evidence for N. devanaterra survival and activity in the highly acidic gastric milieu is currently lacking, preliminary theoretical analysis suggests that ammonia competition could influence H. pylori persistence and pathogenesis. This hypothesis-driven approach emphasizes a microbiome-inspired strategy that does not rely on antibiotics, potentially reducing selective pressure for resistance. By introducing the concept of targeted nutrient competition as a therapeutic modality, this framework aims to stimulate further research into the feasibility of employing environmental acidophiles as modulators of pathogenic bacteria in the stomach. The proposed strategy provides a foundation for future studies evaluating N. devanaterra or related ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms as innovative, nonantibiotic interventions against H. pylori infection.