# Neonatal Ross Procedure for Infective Endocarditis in a Dysplastic Aortic Valve After Pulmonary Artery Banding

## TL;DR

A rare neonatal Ross procedure was successfully performed to treat infective endocarditis in a child with a complex heart condition and prior surgery.

## Contribution

Demonstrates the feasibility of the Ross procedure in neonates with active infection and complex anatomy.

## Key findings

- Ross procedure is feasible in neonates with complex anatomy and active infective endocarditis.
- Prior pulmonary artery banding increases the technical complexity of the procedure.
- The autograft shows resistance to reinfection, supporting its use in pediatric cases.

## Abstract

Neonatal Ross procedure is rarely performed, especially in the setting of active infective endocarditis and prior pulmonary artery banding.

We present a rare case of a 2.5-month-old boy with a history of complex congenital heart disease, including aortic coarctation, severe aortic stenosis, and a ventricular septal defect, who developed infective endocarditis on a dysplastic bicuspid aortic valve.

This case highlights surgical decision-making and technical challenges in harvesting a pulmonary autograft after previous pulmonary artery banding in the presence of active infection.

Ross procedure can be feasible in neonates with complex anatomy and infection. Prior pulmonary artery banding increases technical complexity. Autograft resistance to reinfection supports its use in pediatric infective endocarditis.