# Photobiomodulation in dentistry: Mechanisms, clinical applications and evidence-based guidelines

## TL;DR

This paper explores how light therapy, called photobiomodulation, works in dentistry to improve tissue repair and reduce inflammation, with applications in various dental treatments.

## Contribution

The paper provides updated insights into the mechanisms and clinical applications of photobiomodulation in dentistry.

## Key findings

- Photobiomodulation activates mitochondrial chromophores to enhance cellular activity and promote tissue repair.
- Clinical evidence supports its use in managing oral mucositis, periodontitis, and postoperative pain.
- PBM improves outcomes in orthodontic treatment and implant stability.

## Abstract

Photobiomodulation (PBM), formerly known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), utilizes red and near-infrared light to activate mitochondrial
chromophores, thereby enhancing cellular activity, modulating inflammation and promoting tissue repair. Therefore, it is of interest to the
mechanistic pathways of PBM, including mitochondrial stimulation, cytokine regulation and growth factor induction. Clinical evidence supports
its efficacy in managing oral mucositis, temporomandibular disorders, periodontitis, postoperative endodontic pain, implant stability and
orthodontic treatment outcomes.