# Feasibility, procedural efficiency, and early imaging outcomes of concomitant pulsed field ablation and left atrial appendage closure: a prospective single-centre study

## TL;DR

This study shows that combining pulsed field ablation and left atrial appendage closure is a safe and efficient one-step procedure for treating atrial fibrillation and reducing stroke risk.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates the feasibility and safety of a combined PFA and LAAC workflow in routine clinical practice.

## Key findings

- Combined PFA and LAAC was performed with minimal fluoroscopy and no major complications in 209 patients.
- Early imaging showed no large leaks and only a small leak rate, with no strokes observed.
- All patients were discharged the same day and followed up with no device-related major adverse events.

## Abstract

Concomitant pulsed field ablation (PFA) for atrial fibrillation (AF) with left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) offers a single-procedure approach for arrhythmia control and thromboembolic risk reduction. This study assessed the workflow, safety, and feasibility of combined PFA and LAAC in routine practice.

We prospectively analysed patients undergoing zero-fluoroscopy PFA, with low fluoroscopy for LAAC. Pre-procedural planning used CT imaging and AI-based models for device selection and landing-zone assessment. A single transseptal puncture facilitated intracardiac echocardiography, PFA catheter, and LAAC sheath. A total of 209 patients were included (56% male; mean age 76.5 ± 7.8 years), with 59.3% paroxysmal AF, 40.7% persistent AF, and 50% de novo AF. The mean CHA2DS2-VASc score was 4.5. Mean procedure and left atrial dwell times were 57.3 ± 17 and 45.1 ± 13.6 min, respectively; fluoroscopy averaged 3.4 ± 0.8 min for LAAC. A single LAAC device was used in 94% of cases, achieving adequate seal in all. No pericardial effusion, phrenic nerve injury, kidney, or oesophageal injury occurred; two patients had minor groin bleeding. All were discharged same day on oral anticoagulation for 90 days. Follow-up CT (80%) or TEE (20%) at 111.6 ± 16.5 days showed no leaks >2 mm, a 4.7% small-leak rate, and two device-related thrombi without stroke, managed with extended anticoagulation.

Combined PFA and LAAC is feasible and safe with favourable early outcomes. Multi-centre studies are warranted to confirm findings and standardize this workflow for broader clinical adoption.

Graphical Abstract