# Establishment and Optimization of a Dynamic Model for Energy and Protein Requirements in Meat Ducks

**Authors:** Zhengbo Li, Qiong Liu, Dingtao Peng

PMC · DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106443 · 2026-01-12

## TL;DR

This study creates a dynamic model to determine the optimal energy and protein needs for meat ducks to improve growth and reduce feed costs.

## Contribution

A novel dynamic model that accounts for energy-protein interactions and environmental factors in meat ducks.

## Key findings

- Optimal metabolizable energy and crude protein levels improved growth performance and feed conversion.
- The model incorporates environmental temperature and breed characteristics for adaptability.
- The model supports precise feeding strategies for different duck growth stages.

## Abstract

The efficient utilization of energy and protein resources is crucial for the growth and development of meat ducks, as well as for the profitability of the poultry industry. This study aims to establish and optimize a dynamic model for the energy and protein requirements of meat ducks. A series of experiments were conducted with different dietary energy and protein levels. The growth performance, carcass quality, and nutrient utilization of the meat ducks were comprehensively evaluated. The results showed that when the dietary metabolizable energy (ME) was 12.8 MJ/kg and the crude protein (CP) level was 17.5%, the meat ducks exhibited the best growth performance and feed conversion ratio. The established dynamic model takes into account the interactive effects of energy and protein on the growth and metabolism of meat ducks, incorporating factors such as environmental temperature and breed characteristics. It provides a scientific basis for formulating precise feeding strategies to meet the nutritional needs of meat ducks at different growth stages, thereby improving production efficiency and reducing feed costs in the meat duck industry. The optimization of the model also considers the practical application in different production environments and duck breeds, enhancing its adaptability and reliability.

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** HPA dysfunction (MESH:D007027), muscle (MESH:D019042), CMD (MESH:C565145), weight gain (MESH:D015430), pain (MESH:D010146)
- **Chemicals:** sugar (MESH:D000073893), amino acid (MESH:D000596), cortisol (MESH:D006854), ochratoxins (MESH:D009793), nitrogen (MESH:D009584), methionine (MESH:D008715), AAI (-), lysine (MESH:D008239), carbon (MESH:D002244), aflatoxins (MESH:D000348)
- **Species:** Gallus gallus (bantam, species) [taxon 9031], Anas platyrhynchos (duck, species) [taxon 8839], Cairina moschata (muscovy, species) [taxon 8855], Glycine max (soybean, species) [taxon 3847]

## Figures

6 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12874126/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12874126