Aggregation favors singlet formation in TES-ADT triplet annihilator for photon upconversion
Justas Lekavičius, Edvinas Radiunas, Gediminas Kreiza, Augustina Jozeliūnaitė, Edvinas Orentas, Karolis Kazlauskas
TL;DR
Researchers found that aggregating a specific molecule improves photon upconversion efficiency by boosting the formation of high-energy states.
Contribution
The study reveals that aggregation enhances singlet yield in TES-ADT annihilators through altered energy landscapes and higher triplet states.
Findings
Aggregation of TES-ADT increases the spin-statistical factor (f) from 20% to 60%.
DFT calculations show dimerization shifts energy levels and enables higher triplet states.
Aggregation enhances singlet formation via triplet–triplet annihilation in photon upconversion.
Abstract
Triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA)-mediated photon upconversion (UC) offers a promising route for transforming low-energy photons into higher-energy ones under low-power, incoherent excitation, with applications in photovoltaics, bioimaging, 3D printing, etc. However, a central constraint on UC efficiency is the limited spin-statistical factor (f), which dictates the yield of singlet state formation and is especially challenging in the desirable far-red/NIR spectral range. Here, we explore a new approach of tuning the annihilator's f factor through controlled aggregation. The study covers a systematic investigation of triethylsilyl-substituted anthradithiophene (TES-ADT) annihilator solutions across a range of concentrations, complemented by studies on a neat TES-ADT film and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. We report a remarkable 3-fold enhancement in singlet yield,…
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Taxonomy
TopicsLuminescence and Fluorescent Materials · Luminescence Properties of Advanced Materials · Forensic Fingerprint Detection Methods