# The Role of Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists in the Treatment of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome

## TL;DR

This paper discusses how glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists can treat cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic diseases together as a syndrome.

## Contribution

Highlights the potential of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists to treat CKM syndrome holistically.

## Key findings

- CKM syndrome involves cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic diseases.
- GLP-1 receptor agonists have pleiotropic effects across multiple organ systems.
- A holistic treatment approach is encouraged for CKM syndrome.

## Abstract

It has long been acknowledged that the risk of cardiovascular disease is impacted by a complex interplay between the heart and kidneys. The relationship among cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and metabolic diseases, including obesity and diabetes, has now been recognized as “cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome”. Specialist clinicians have historically approached these disorders as separate diseases, with individual treatment plans specific to dysfunction of each organ system. However, the recognition of a syndrome of CKM dysfunction and the advent of therapeutic agents with pleiomorphic effects across multiple organ systems, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists, which target various components of CKM, may encourage clinicians to take a more holistic approach to treatment of people with CKM.

•Traditionally, cardiometabolic disorders and other associated metabolic diseases have been treated as individual disease components.•The cardiometabolic association among cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and other metabolic disorders has been recently described as CKM syndrome.•Raising awareness to clinicians of the benefits of therapeutic drug classes with multiple beneficial effects on CKM syndrome may encourage a holistic approach to treatment.

Traditionally, cardiometabolic disorders and other associated metabolic diseases have been treated as individual disease components.

The cardiometabolic association among cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and other metabolic disorders has been recently described as CKM syndrome.

Raising awareness to clinicians of the benefits of therapeutic drug classes with multiple beneficial effects on CKM syndrome may encourage a holistic approach to treatment.