# Functional, Pharmacogenomic, and Immune Landscapes of Long Non‐Coding RNAs in Cancer

## TL;DR

This study explores how long non-coding RNAs influence cancer treatment and immune responses, identifying key lncRNAs and creating a web tool for further research.

## Contribution

The study introduces PILNC, a web portal for exploring lncRNA associations with cancer pathways, drug responses, and immunotherapy outcomes.

## Key findings

- Identified 53,173 lncRNA-pathway associations and millions of lncRNA-drug response associations.
- Found 69 lncRNAs associated with immunotherapy response and 2,611 differentially expressed lncRNAs between low and high ORR groups.
- Discovered two lncRNAs correlated with immune-related adverse events and 1,376 lncRNAs with expression differences related to irAE risk.

## Abstract

Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as key regulators in cancer, with significant potential as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. Here, this work systematically analyzes lncRNA associations with targeted therapies and immunotherapies across 33 cancer types using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and real‐world datasets. This work identifies 53,173 lncRNA‐pathway associations, millions of lncRNA‐drug response associations (via CancerRxTissue and VAEN), and extensive correlations with immune checkpoints and infiltration. This work further identifies 69 lncRNAs associated with immunotherapy response and 2,611 differentially expressed lncRNAs between low and high objective response rate (ORR) groups. Additionally, two lncRNAs are correlated with immune‐related adverse events (irAEs), and 1,376 lncRNAs exhibited expression differences between cancers with low and high irAE risk. To facilitate further research, this work develops PILNC (https://hanlaboratory.com/PILNC), a comprehensive web portal enabling exploration of lncRNA associations with cancer pathways, drug responses, immune features, and immunotherapy outcomes.

A systematic analysis of 33 cancer types reveals widespread associations between lncRNAs and cancer pathways, drug responses, immune features, and immunotherapy outcomes. The study identifies key lncRNAs linked to therapeutic response and adverse events and introduces PILNC, an interactive web portal for exploring the functional, pharmacogenomic, and immune landscapes of lncRNAs in cancer.