# Research on the threshold of the supply and demand of ecosystem services

## TL;DR

This study introduces a new concept called TrSD to help manage ecosystem services by determining thresholds for their supply and demand.

## Contribution

The paper defines and calculates a new threshold for ecosystem service supply and demand, called TrSD.

## Key findings

- TrSD was defined based on the difference between ecosystem service supply and demand.
- The TrSD method was tested in Urumqi using land use simulation and inflection point analysis.
- The proposed TrSD method is shown to be innovative and useful for ecosystem service management.

## Abstract

The ecological threshold has not yet formed a unified definition, and there is no definition for “the threshold of the supply and demand of ecosystem services (TrSD)”, leading to no limitation of the negative impact of production and life behavior on the supply and demand of ecosystem services. This study defined and set TrSD, and took Urumqi as an example to carry out a case study. Firstly, the concept of TrSD was elaborated referred to multiple definitions of the ecological threshold based on “the difference between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ESr)”. Then, the geographical simulation and optimization system- future land use simulation (GeoSOS-FLUS) software was used to simulate future land use. After that, the Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) matrix model was applied to calculate ESr. Finally, the TrSD was determined via the inflection point analysis of ESr. This study concludes that the proposed TrSD and its systematic calculation method are innovative and rational. The results can be used for ecosystem service management and ecological valuation, which helps the sustainability progress of the global.