# Spontaneous Rupture of the Renal Pelvis Secondary to Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

## TL;DR

A rare case of spontaneous renal pelvis rupture caused by upper tract urothelial carcinoma is presented, highlighting the diagnostic challenges and treatment approach.

## Contribution

This paper reports a rare clinical case linking spontaneous renal pelvis rupture to upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

## Key findings

- Spontaneous renal pelvis rupture was diagnosed as a result of upper tract urothelial carcinoma.
- Radical nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision was effective in treating the condition.
- No disease recurrence was observed following follow-up procedures.

## Abstract

Spontaneous rupture of the renal pelvis is a rare case of urologic emergency. In almost all instances, it occurs as a result of obstruction of the urinary tract, leading to increased pelvic pressure, most often caused by a calculus. We present a case of a 71-year-old male with flank and abdominal pain. Rupture of the renal pelvis with urohematoma was suspected, but the etiology was unknown. Imaging, retrograde ureteropyelograhy, and flexible ureterorenoscopy couldn't find the underlying cause for the suspected renal pelvis rupture, and a subsequent explorative surgery was needed in order to establish a diagnosis. Treatment included radical nephroureterctomy with bladder cuff excision. Cystoscopy and PET/CT were performed as a follow-up. No evidence of disease recurrence was found.