Clinical and tomographical evaluation of periodontal phenotype among undergraduate dental students in India

TL;DR

This study evaluated periodontal biotypes in Indian dental students using CT scans, finding that thick biotypes were most common.

Contribution

The study provides new data on periodontal biotypes in a specific population using cone-beam computed tomography.

Findings

The thick scalloped biotype was the most prevalent (60%) among the students.

Bone thickness was consistently greater than gingival thickness across all biotypes.

The mean biological width was measured at 2.02 mm, indicating thick biotypes with thin gingiva.

Abstract

Periodontal biotypes in 53 healthy dental students were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Gingival thickness (GT),
bone thickness (BT) and width of keratinized tissue (WKT) were measured in the upper and lower anterior teeth. The thick scalloped
biotype was most prevalent (60%), followed by the thin scalloped (30%) and thick flat scalloped (10%) types. Bone thickness was
consistently greater than gingival thickness, with the thick-flat biotype showing the highest WKT. Thus, the mean biological width was
2.02 mm, indicating predominantly thick biotypes with thinner overlying gingiva.