# Clinical validation and literature review of robot-assisted cerebral angiography

## TL;DR

A new robotic system for cerebral angiography was tested and found to be safe and effective, with potential benefits over traditional methods.

## Contribution

The paper presents the first clinical validation of the YDHB-NS01 robotic-assisted system for cerebral angiography in a human cohort.

## Key findings

- The robotic-assisted system achieved a 100% technical success rate with no complications.
- Robotic-assisted procedures had shorter procedure times compared to manual procedures.
- The robotic system performed stably and showed no malfunctions during use.

## Abstract

To validate the clinical safety and efficacy of a domestically produced robotic-assisted system (YDHB-NS01) for cerebral angiography and to review the current status, advantages, and challenges of robot-assisted technology in cerebrovascular interventions.

From May to October 2025, 25 consecutive patients who underwent robotic-assisted cerebral angiography and 25 consecutive patients who underwent manual cerebral angiography at our center were prospectively enrolled. The primary endpoints were technical success rate and clinical success rate. Secondary endpoints included procedure time, fluoroscopy time, radiation dose, contrast volume, total angiography room time, device performance evaluation, and complication rate. Additionally, a literature review was conducted to summarize the applications and developments of various robotic systems in neurointervention.

All 50 (25 in the robotic-assisted group and 25 in the manual group) procedures were successfully completed with a 100% technical success rate. There were no differences between the two groups in patients’ demographic data, fluoroscopy time, patient radiation dose, contrast agent dose, or total angiography room time (all p > 0.05). The robotic-assisted group had a shorter procedure time than the manual group (27 [15, 143] vs. 38 [21, 105], p = 0.005). A learning curve for the robotic-assisted system was observed. The robotic-assisted system operated stably without malfunctions. No procedure-related or device-related complications occurred.

The preliminary clinical application demonstrates that the YDHB-NS01 robot-assisted system is feasible for diagnostic cerebral angiography and shows early indications of safety and comparable procedural performance to those of conventional manual methods. Given the small, single-center cohort and the exploratory nature of this study, larger multicenter controlled trials are required to confirm these findings.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41016-026-00426-w.