# Hearing loss in the young-old is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia

**Authors:** Lily Francis, Alexa Beiser, Sophia Lu, Sharon G Kujawa, Nancy Heard-Costa, Francis B Kolo, M Ilyas Kamboh, Rebecca Bernal, D Bradley Welling, Richard L Alcabes, Jayandra J Himali, Sudha Seshadri

PMC · DOI: 10.1177/13872877251407211 · 2026-01-20

## TL;DR

Hearing loss in people aged 60–70 increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.

## Contribution

The study identifies a specific age group (young-old) where hearing loss is strongly linked to increased dementia risk.

## Key findings

- Hearing loss increases Alzheimer's disease risk (HR 1.46) in the young-old.
- Hearing loss increases vascular dementia risk (HR 2.08) in the young-old.
- Longer hearing loss duration correlates with higher dementia risk.

## Abstract

Hearing loss is a risk factor for dementia, but dementia subtypes underlying this association and effect modifiers are unknown. Using data collected from 2000 Framingham Heart Study participants we found that hearing loss increases risk for Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in participants aged 60–70 years (“young-old”) at time of hearing assessment (Alzheimer's disease: HR 1.46[CI 1.07–2.0] p = 0.017; vascular dementia: HR 2.08[CI 1.22–3.56] p = 0.007). Longer duration of hearing loss determines increased risk for Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, and screening and intervention for hearing loss from mid-life may help reduce dementia.

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** Alzheimer's disease (MONDO:0004975), vascular dementia (MONDO:0004648), hearing loss (MONDO:0005365)

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** cerebrovascular disease (MESH:D002561), Mental Disorders (MESH:D001523), Stroke (MESH:D020521), age-related hearing loss (MESH:D010024), Hearing loss (MESH:D034381), dementia (MESH:D003704), ORCID iDs (MESH:C535742), cardiovascular disease (MESH:D002318), Vascular dementia (MESH:D015140), cognitive decline (MESH:D003072), vascular pathologies (MESH:D005598), Neurological Disorders (MESH:D009461), AD (MESH:D000544), FHS (MESH:D006331), Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (MESH:D003147), microvascular disease (MESH:D017566), -Costa (MESH:C535653)
- **Chemicals:** high density cholesterol (-)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Figures

3 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12855611/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC12855611